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Hydrogen bond

Campbell Biology 9th Edition chapter04 test Bank without Answer

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Campbell Biology 9th Edition chapter04 test Bank without Answer

Campbell's Biology, 9e (Reece et al.) Chapter 4 Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life This chapter focuses on the chemistry of carbon and organic compounds. Students should be able to identify the nature of the bonds between carbon and other elements (nonpolar versus polar), the different types of weak bonds and interactions, the various types of isomers, the basic functional groups of organic molecules, and their relative solubility in water. The abiotic formation of organic molecules from inorganic molecules is important in the origin of life. Multiple-Choice Questions 1) The element present in all organic molecules is A) hydrogen. B) oxygen. C) carbon. D) nitrogen. E) phosphorus. Topic: Concept 4.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

Anatomy Chemistry

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RNA
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Nucleic acid
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Anatomy Basic Building Blocks

Basic Building Blocks of Life Organic Molecules Organic molecules contain carbon and hydrogen atoms Both atoms can form hydrocarbon chains and rings The four major classes of organic molecules: carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. ? Functional groups Functional groups are reactive molecules that usually contain oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus or sulfur They are responsible for some of the unique properties of a molecule Some examples of functional groups Alcohols Aldehyde Amides Carboxyl groups Ketones Carbohydrates (basic building blocks of life) Carbohydrates These are organic molecules that contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen Their general formula is CnH2nOn Carbohydrates are a source of energy Carbohydrates are also known as sugars They have a suffix of ?ose?

Anatomy Chemistry

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ion
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electron
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Anatomy Chemistry

Chemistry Notes in Physiology Chemistry notes in Physiology: Atoms Atom?the basic unit of an element An atom consists of subatomic particles: Proton This has a ( + ) charge The number of protons in an atom is called atomic number Neutron This has no charge Electron This has a ( ? ) charge The number of electrons is usually equal to the number of protons ? Both the proton and the neutron are in the nucleus The sum of the proton and neutron is called atomic mass Shell = energy level 1st shell has 2 electrons 2nd shell has 8 electrons Valence electrons are the outermost electrons ? Isotopes = same atomic number, but different atomic mass Isotopes will differ in the number of neutrons For example: Hydrogen has 1 proton Deuterium has 1 proton and 1 neutron

Summary of AP Biology Chemistry Unit

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Properties of water
Acid

Summary of AP Bio Study Book: Barron?s AP Bio Chemistry Section The biochemistry section includes the following subjects: Atomic Structure, Bonding, Polar and Nonpolar Molecules, Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Substances, the Properties of Water, Isomers, Organic Compounds, Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism. Atomic Structure All atoms consist of three subatomic particles: neutrons, protons, and electrons. An atom in the elemental state always has a neutral charge because the number of protons equals the electrons. Isotopes are atoms that have the same atomic number but have a different mass because they have more or less protons than usual.

Chapter 3 Outline

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intermolecular forces
Solutions
Chemical properties
Inorganic solvents
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Properties of water
water
Hydrophile
Aqueous solution
Hydrogen bond
Chemical polarity

Chapter 3 Biology Outline- ?Water and the Fitness of the Environment? The polarity of water molecules results in hydrogen bonding Water is more extraordinary than people thing because water is everywhere. The unequal ?v? shape of a water molecule makes it a ?polar molecule?. Polar molecules have a positive charge on one side of the molecule and a negative charge on the other side. The polar molecules are attracted to each other (they are like magnets) and that is why water always forms droplets and stays together. Four emergent properties of water contribute to Earth?s fitness for life Cohesion Water molecules stick together due to hydrogen bonding. Cohesion contributes to the transportation of water and dissolved nutrients going against gravity in plants.

Campbell Bio 9e Test 2

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Chemical bonding
Chemical bond
Valence electron
Orbital hybridisation
electron
Hydrogen bond
molecule
Hydrogen
Covalent bond
Chemical polarity
Proton
Technology

Campbell's Biology, 9e (Reece et al.) Chapter 2 The Chemical Context of Life This chapter presents basic chemical principles for understanding the chemical context of living organisms, from atomic structure to the nature of chemical bonds and an introduction to chemical equilibrium. These questions focus on elements most important to life or the study of life, including the elements that comprise organic molecules and important trace elements. Some isotopes are important in geologic dating and in biological tracer studies. How elements participate in forming different types of chemical bonds is essential to mastering subsequent topics on the behavior and properties of biological molecules, structures, and energy metabolism. Multiple-Choice Questions

Campbell Reece 8th Edition Test bank chapter 2

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electron
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Hydrogen bond
Covalent bond
Technology

Chapter 2 The Chemical Context of Life 1) About 25 of the 92 natural elements are known to be essential to life. Which four of these 25 elements make up approximately 96% of living matter?? A) carbon, sodium, chlorine, nitrogen? B) carbon, sulfur, phosphorus, hydrogen? C) oxygen, hydrogen, calcium, sodium? D) carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen? E) carbon, oxygen, sulfur, calcium? Answer: ?D? Topic: ?Concept 2.1? Skill: ?Knowledge/Comprehension 2) Trace elements are those required by an organism in only minute quantities. Which of the following is a trace element that is required by humans and other vertebrates?? A) nitrogen? B) calcium? C) iodine? D) sodium? E) phosphorus? Answer: ?C? Topic: ?Concept 2.1? Skill: ?Knowledge/Comprehension

Bond Enthalpy

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Hydrogen bond
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Bond-dissociation energy
Carbon monoxide

? John Erickson, 2005 WS16-2BondEnergy example H2 (g) + F2 (g) ? 2HF ?Hrxn = [energy used for breaking bonds] ? [energy formed in making bonds] [436 kJ/mol + 155 kJ/mol] ? [2(567 kJ/mol)] = ? 543 kJ/mol Bond energy is defined as the amount of energy required to break a bond. These values are positive, indicating that bond breaking is endothermic. Bond energies are reported in kilojoules per mole (kJ/mol). The energy for breaking a hydrogen-hydrogen bond is 436 kJ/mol so when a hydrogen-hydrogen bond is formed the process releases 436 kJ/mol. In a chemical reaction several bonds are broken and formed. For example in the reaction below a hydrogen-hydrogen bond is broken and a fluorine-fluorine bond is broken.

Campbell Biology 9th All multiple choice Chp 2.

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Biology
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Chemistry
Chemical bonding
Chemical bond
Valence electron
Orbital hybridisation
electron
Hydrogen bond
molecule
Hydrogen
Covalent bond
Chemical polarity
Proton
Technology

Campbell's Biology, 9e (Reece et al.) Chapter 2 The Chemical Context of Life This chapter presents basic chemical principles for understanding the chemical context of living organisms, from atomic structure to the nature of chemical bonds and an introduction to chemical equilibrium. These questions focus on elements most important to life or the study of life, including the elements that comprise organic molecules and important trace elements. Some isotopes are important in geologic dating and in biological tracer studies. How elements participate in forming different types of chemical bonds is essential to mastering subsequent topics on the behavior and properties of biological molecules, structures, and energy metabolism. Multiple-Choice Questions

SAT Chem Orgo

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Functional Groups
Chemical elements
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Nonmetals
Acids
Alkane
Carbon
Haloalkane
Hydrogen bond
Nitric acid
Amino acid
Environment

Carbon and Organic Chemistry Carbon?Three allotropic forms: Diamond, graphite, and amorphous Fullerens?New allotropic form of carbon?Near sperical cages of carbon atoms Diamond?Close-pakced crystal structure that gives a property of extreme hardness Carbon?Bonded to four other carbons in a tetraheral arragement Almost endless number of covalent ponds All bonds in this structure are equally strong, therefore very hard and notriously difficult to melt Diamond?Melting point at 3,550 degrees celsius. Synthetic diamonds can be made by putting carbon to extremely high pressurs and temperature Graphite form is made up of planes of hexagonal structures that are wealkly bonded to the planes above and below?Explains the slippery feeling of graphite

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