Biology

Heredity

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Biology

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Biology

Gene

Student Worksheet?Biology Strand: Heredity and Evolution Name___________________________ Date__________________ School_________________ Student?please print this worksheet and complete it as you interact with the tutorial. The completed worksheet should be turned in to your assigned teacher. Tutorial: What is heredity? http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/tour/ Why do children resemble their parents, brothers and sisters? What is the basis of heredity? Where are our traits? Where are genes located? A. What helps define our traits? B. Give an example. How many sets of chromosomes do humans have? How do parents pass genes to a child? What two cells join to make a zygote? ___________________ & _________________

phylogeny

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Biology

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Biology

Species

Taxon

Chapter 20 PHYLOGENY Introduction to Phylogeny Phylogeny is the evolutionary history of a species or group of related species Discipline of systematics classifies organisms and determines their evolutionary relationships Taxonomy is the ordered division and naming of organisms Cladistics Cladistics classifies organisms by common descent A clade is a group of species that includes an ancestor and all its descendents Using Derived Characters Characters can be used to infer evolutionary relationships. Molecular Clocks Molecular clocks use mutation data in related genes from different species Number of nucleotide changes is assumed to be proportional to the time since last common ancestry ie. Few changes = little time passed; many changes = lots of time passed

Campbell9EdChapter1ThemesinStudyofLife

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Biology

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Archaea

Domain

cell

bacteria

Prokaryote

Multicellular organism

Biology

Introduction: Themes in the Study of Life Chapter 1 Overview: Inquiring About Life An organism?s adaptations to its environment are the result of evolution For example, the ghost plant is adapted to conserving water; this helps it to survive in the crevices of rock walls Evolution is the process of change that has transformed life on Earth ? 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 1.2 Biology is the scientific study of life Biologists ask questions such as How does a single cell develop into an organism? How does the human mind work? How do living things interact in communities? Life defies a simple, one-sentence definition Life is recognized by what living things do ? 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 1.3 Order Evolutionary adaptation Response to the environment

BIO CH 1 TEST

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Biology

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Educational psychology

Biology

reading

Campbell's Biology, 9e (Reece et al.) Chapter 1 Introduction: Themes in the Study of Life This introductory chapter explores the basic themes and concepts of biology, with emphasis on the core theme of evolution. It also introduces students to the thinking of scientists. Questions are therefore general; however, an effort has been made to include some from each skill level. As in the rest of this test bank, questions that feature art or those for which several questions follow upon some data or a scenario are placed together at the end of the chapter. Multiple-Choice Questions 1) A localized group of organisms that belong to the same species is called a A) biosystem. B) community. C) population. D) ecosystem. E) family. Answer: C Topic: Concept 1.1

ap biology chapter1 ppt

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Biology

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Archaea

Domain

Biology

0 1 Introduction: Evolution and the Foundations of Biology Overview: Inquiring About Life An organism?s adaptations to its environment are the result of evolution For example, a beach mouse?s light, dappled fur acts as camouflage, allowing the mouse to blend into its surroundings Inland mice of the same species are darker in color, matching their surroundings Evolution is the process of change that has transformed life on Earth Figure 1.1 Figure 1.2 Biology is the scientific study of life Biologists ask questions such as How does a single cell develop into an organism? How does the human mind work? How do different forms of life in a forest interact? Concept 1.1: Studying the diverse forms of life reveals common themes

Rawle Phylogeny V

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Biology

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Archaea

Bacteriology

Extremophiles

bacteria

Domain

Biology

Three-domain system

Eukaryote

Tree of life

This week?s Bio seminar Friday, Jan. 30, DV2082?at 12pm Julie Claycomb,?St. George Campus, UofT (Department of Molecular Genetics) Small RNA pathways as guardians of germline gene expression 1 Lecture 8: Phylogeny V A diversity of trees - and stories they tell Working on the current tree of life 2 Something (not so) different 3 Do you know the story of ?? A. Yes B. No 4 http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/ 2013/11/131129-little-red-riding-hood-folktale- tehrani-anthropology-science/ Where did the story come from? 5 6 7 Phylogenetic analyses are also important for conservation 8 9 Our idea of the tree of life has changed over the years 10 Ernst Haeckel(1866) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_of_life_(biology) We currently recognize

Rawle Phylogeny II

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Biology

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Biology

Species

This week?s Bio seminar Friday, Jan. 23, at 12:00 in DV2082 Sapna Sharma, York University A landscape perspective: The effects of climate change on aquatic ecosystems 1 Lecture 5: Phylogeny II Avoid common mistakes Define homologous and analogous characters Distinguish derived and ancestral characters 2 How did you make your decision? Who is more closely related to salamanders? A. Lungfish B. Humans 3 Trees are hypotheses 4 Jetz et al. 2012. Nature 491: 444-448 But how do we construct trees? 5 Similar species are likely related Taxa that are more similar are likely more closely related than less similar species Morphology DNA sequence Behaviour ? 6 Similarity due to shared ancestry produces homology 7

Rawle Phylogeny I

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Biology

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Phylogenetics

Phylogenetic tree

Prokaryote

Protist

Biology

This week?s Bio seminar DV2082, 12:00 Altaf Arain, McMaster University Global warming implications for forest ecosystems in North America.? 1 Next week in BIO153 Lecture 5: Phylogeny II Lecture 6: Phylogeny III Tutorial 3: Searching databases Readings: Ch 26 Lab 2: Prokaryotes and protists 2 Lecture 4: Phylogeny I Why trees? Why trees imply evolution Identify the parts of a tree Reading a tree correctly 3 We have an effective nomenclature 4 Trees are an effective way to think about descent from common ancestry 5 Lamarck Darwin ht tp s: // pa tri ce ay m e. file s. w or dp re ss .c om /2 01 4/ 11 /la m ar ck _t re e. jp g Think of a family tree 6 Trees can reflect taxonomy 7 We can identify parts of the tree 8

Rawle Evolution

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Biology

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Evolutionary biology

Biological evolution

Fellows of the Royal Society

Charles Darwin

Darwin–Wedgwood family

Ethologists

evolution

Natural selection

Biology

Lecture 2: Evolution recap Testing explanations for the diversity of life Descent with modification is testable and explains diversity Natural selection is the mechanism driving evolution 1 Diane FosseyBirute GaldakisJane Goodall Science strives to be objective 2 Alfred Russel Wallace (1823-1913) Charles Darwin (1809-1882) Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck (1744-1892) Erasmus Darwin (1731?1802) The idea of change over time was not new 3 wikipedia.com Lamarck hypothesized about the mechanism causing diversity Use and disuse Inheritance of acquired characters Innate drive towards complexity 4 What do we require of hypotheses? 5 Descent with modification is testable 6 Natural selection is testable 7 The Grants studied ground finches for decades 8