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Nucleic acid

Testing for Polysaccharides Lab Intro

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Introduction Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids are four abundant molecules crucial to all living organisms. Each of these molecules are characterized differently and can be easily distinguished through testing with chemicals. Three of them (carbohydrates, proteins and nucleic acids) are macromolecules, molecules that consist of many atoms. However, they do share the possession of the six elements essential to life which are sulfur, phosphorus , oxygen, nitrogen, carbon and hydrogen. The objective is to test molecules like carbohydrates, lipids and proteins to determine how they react with chemicals.

Biochemistry worksheet

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Biochemistry Cut out each of the following pictures, words, or phrases. Organize them under the headings proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids. CHNOP ? INCLUDEPICTURE "http://www.biology.lsu.edu/introbio/Link2/triglyceride.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET ??? ? Genetic Material ? ? Quick Source of Energy ? INCLUDEPICTURE "http://www.biology.lsu.edu/introbio/Link2/glucose.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET ??? ? Energy Storage ? ? INCLUDEPICTURE "http://www.ucl.ac.uk/~sjjgsca/nucleotide.jpg" \* MERGEFORMATINET ??? ? INCLUDEPICTURE "http://www.rothamsted.bbsrc.ac.uk/notebook/courses/guide/images/pept.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET ??? CHO DNA ?

AP Bio Chp 5

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AP Reading Guide Chapter 5: The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules Fred and Theresa Holtzclaw Copyright ? 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. - 1 - Name_______________________Period___________ Chapter 5: The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules Concept 5.1 Macromolecules are polymers, built from monomers 1. The large molecules of all living things fall into just four main classes. Name them. 2. Circle the three classes that are called macromolecules. Define macromolecule. 3. What is a polymer? a monomer? 4. Monomers are connected in what type of reaction? What occurs in this reaction? 5. Large molecules (polymers) are converted to monomers in what type of reaction?

quiz 3

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Which of these functional groups does not contain oxygen? a. carboxyl b. phosphate c. sulfhydryl d. hydroxyl e. carbonyl What is the definition of an isomer? a. active and inactive versions of a molecule b. molecules made up of the same elements c. molecules with different structures but similar functions d. molecules with the same molecular formula but different structures e. molecules with the same structure but different molecular formulas

Cell bio chapter 4/5

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Substances found in living tissues Water, macromolecules, proteins, nucleic acids, carbs Concept 4.3 Functional groups Components of organic molecules Involved in chemical reactions Give molecules unique properties Functional groups important in chemistry of life Hydroxyl group, carbonyl group, amino group, carboxyl group Functional groups of sex hormones Functional groups give each molecule unique properties Phosphate group Nucleic acids Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) Concept 4.2 Isomers- compounds with same molecular formula, but different structures and properties Dif shape dif biological abilities Structural isomers- different covalent arrangements of atoms Enantiomers- mirror images of each other Even subtle differences can have different biological response

Macromolecules review

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Chapter 4: Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life 4 Major Macromolecules: Lipids Carbohydrates Nucleic Acid Protein Lipids Fat- a combination of a glycerol and three fatty acids also called a triglyceride Used for long term energy storage, which is located in the long carbon chains Phospholipid- a combination of a glycerol, two fatty acids and a phosphate group Makes up cell membrane (lipid bilayer) Selectively permeable Hydrophilic heads (the phosphate group) Hydrophobic tails Steroid- lipids with a structure of four fused rings General Information Glycerol is combined to fatty acid by an ester linkage (dehydration synthesis) Ester linkage is polar CH2 groups are nonpolar Saturated Fat- a triglyceride with only single bonds

Reproduction and Development

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Reproduction and Development The essential feature of reproduction is hereditary information carried by nucleic acid DNA There are some plants and animals that act as both male or female Asexual Reproduction Types of chromosomes must be exactly the same in the daughter cells as in the parent
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DNA and Genes

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DNA and Genes (Extended Notes) DNA: The Molecule of Heredity What is DNA? An organism?s environment influences how an organism develops, but the organism?s DNA holds the genetic information and determines its traits. DNA achieves this by controlling the structure of proteins. Your body is made up of proteins Your body?s functions depend on proteins called enzymes In the 1950s scientists thought protein was the genetic material In 1952 Hershey and Chase infected bacteria with radioactive viruses (one was radioactive protein & the other was radioactive DNA) Only the radioactive DNA entered the bacteria and produced new viruses DNA is a complex organic molecule called a polymer. The monomers, or repeating subunits, that make up DNA are called nucleotides.

AP Biology chapter 4 and 5 test

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A.P. Biology: Chapter 4 & 5 Test Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. At which level of protein structure are interactions between the side chains (R groups) most important? a. primary d. quaternary b. secondary e. all of the above c. tertiary 2. All of the following nitrogenous bases are found in DNA except a. thymine. b. adenine. c. uracil. d. guanine. e. cytosine. 3. Which of the following best summarizes the relationship between dehydration reactions and hydrolysis? a. Dehydration reactions assemble polymers, and hydrolysis breaks down polymers. b. Hydrolysis only occurs in the urinary system, and dehydration reactions only occur in the digestive tract. c.

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