Biomolecules

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Biomolecular engineering

Macromolecules What are ____________? ____________ are made from thousands or even hundreds of thousands of smaller molecules. Macromolecules are formed by a process known as ____________ in which large compounds are built by joining smaller ones together. Made up ____________, which form ____________. ____________ Groups of Macromolecules There are four groups of macromolecules that make up living things: ____________, ____________, ____________and ____________. Carbohydrates Made up of ____________. Subunit: mono____________ Use for a sources of ____________ Use for ____________ in plants (____________), animals (____________), fungi (____________) and bacteria (____________). Examples: monomers- ____________ ____________- lactose Polymers ?____________

Macromolecules review

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Biomolecular engineering

Macromolecules What are ____________? ____________ are made from thousands or even hundreds of thousands of smaller molecules. Macromolecules are formed by a process known as ____________ in which large compounds are built by joining smaller ones together. Made up ____________, which form ____________. ____________ Groups of Macromolecules There are four groups of macromolecules that make up living things: ____________, ____________, ____________and ____________. Carbohydrates Made up of ____________. Subunit: mono____________ Use for a sources of ____________ Use for ____________ in plants (____________), animals (____________), fungi (____________) and bacteria (____________). Examples: monomers- ____________ ____________- lactose Polymers ?____________

Enzymes

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INQUIRY LAB: ENZYMES Overall Research Question: What Makes the Bubble Gum Stretch? Research Question: What conditions would affect the rate of an enzymatic reaction? Null Hypothesis: The pH and temperature will have an effect on the rate of enzymatic reactions. #1 Alternative Hypothesis: The pH and temperature will have an effect on the rate of enzymatic reactions. #2 Alternative Hypothesis: The pH and temperature will not have an effect on the rate of enzymatic reactions. Control Group: The pH level of 7 (neutral) Independent Variable: pH- 3,5,7,9,11 (I will get data for pH 5 and 7) Temperature- 4,21, 30, 40, 60 (In degrees Celsius) (I will get data for 30 and 40 degrees Celsius) Independent Variable: The pH level Dependent Variable: The rate of the enzyme reactions pH

AP Bio Chp 5

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Lipid

AP Reading Guide Chapter 5: The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules Fred and Theresa Holtzclaw Copyright ? 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. - 1 - Name_______________________Period___________ Chapter 5: The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules Concept 5.1 Macromolecules are polymers, built from monomers 1. The large molecules of all living things fall into just four main classes. Name them. 2. Circle the three classes that are called macromolecules. Define macromolecule. 3. What is a polymer? a monomer? 4. Monomers are connected in what type of reaction? What occurs in this reaction? 5. Large molecules (polymers) are converted to monomers in what type of reaction?

quiz 3

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DNA

Acid

Peptide

Which of these functional groups does not contain oxygen? a. carboxyl b. phosphate c. sulfhydryl d. hydroxyl e. carbonyl What is the definition of an isomer? a. active and inactive versions of a molecule b. molecules made up of the same elements c. molecules with different structures but similar functions d. molecules with the same molecular formula but different structures e. molecules with the same structure but different molecular formulas

BIO CH 4 TEST

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Peptide

Biomolecular structure

Hydrolysis

Nucleic acid sequence

Campbell's Biology, 9e (Reece et al.) Chapter 5 The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules In Chapter 5, the principles of chemistry covered in earlier chapters are applied to the understanding of biological polymers and lipid membranes. The emphasis is on properly linking monomers and their polymers, and on the structural and functional diversity of the different polymer types. Particular attention is given to protein structure, because this is central to understanding subsequent chapters on metabolism, molecular biology, and molecular medicine. Multiple-Choice Questions 1) Humans and mice differ because A) their cells have different small organic molecules. B) their cells make different types of large biological molecules.

Cell Bio chapter 8

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Enzymes

Non-competitive inhibition

ATP hydrolysis

Concept 8.1 What is energy? Potential energy = stored energy Chemical bonds Concentration gradients (can be used to do cellular work) Electrical potential Kinetic energy = movement energy Heat = molecular motion Mechanical = moving molecules past each other Electrical = moving charged particles Forms of energy Biker at top of hill potential Biker going down hill kinetic Why do cells need energy? Synthetic work = building macromolecules (e.g., making protein) mechanical work = moving molecules past each other e.g., muscle shortening concentration work = creating chemical gradients e.g. storing glucose electrical work = creating ion gradients e.g., unequal distribution of sodium and potassium ions Metabolic pathways Catabolic pathways ? release energy

AP BIO Chapter 05

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Monomer

Biomolecular structure

Hydrolysis

Campbell's Biology, 9e (Reece et al.) Chapter 5 The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules In Chapter 5, the principles of chemistry covered in earlier chapters are applied to the understanding of biological polymers and lipid membranes. The emphasis is on properly linking monomers and their polymers, and on the structural and functional diversity of the different polymer types. Particular attention is given to protein structure, because this is central to understanding subsequent chapters on metabolism, molecular biology, and molecular medicine. Multiple-Choice Questions 1) Humans and mice differ because A) their cells have different small organic molecules. B) their cells make different types of large biological molecules.

AP BIO CHP 5 CAMPBELL BIOLOGY 9e

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Campbell's Biology, 9e (Reece et al.) Chapter 5 The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules In Chapter 5, the principles of chemistry covered in earlier chapters are applied to the understanding of biological polymers and lipid membranes. The emphasis is on properly linking monomers and their polymers, and on the structural and functional diversity of the different polymer types. Particular attention is given to protein structure, because this is central to understanding subsequent chapters on metabolism, molecular biology, and molecular medicine. Multiple-Choice Questions 1) Humans and mice differ because A) their cells have different small organic molecules. B) their cells make different types of large biological molecules.

Campbell AP Bio Study Guide Chapter 5

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