Metabolic pathway

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Glucose

Ch.8 Notes Date Notes Questions 10/12/15 To types of metabolic pathways Catabolic pathways (breaking down, breaking down energy) Anabolic pathways (storing energy, build up) Pathways can be complex and have multiple steps Pathways are the chemical reactions Ex pathways a->b->c-> (a, b and c are chemicals) Living organisms are chemical computers Design like circuit boards Some people working on DNA based computer Also there are works on neuro networks Organisms always share chemicals with everyone Prokaryotes have a much simpler pathways than eukaryotes Metabolic theory that there is a mathematical formula that can explain the interaction of organisms. Energy cannot be created or destroyed Sunlight->Glucose->ATP->Heat Glucose more desired because easiest way to get ATP

biology in focus chapter 6 (AP)

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Purines

Metabolic pathway

energy

Endergonic reaction

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Substrate

Chapter 6 An Introduction to Metabolism Forms of Energy Energy is the ability to do work or cause change Kinetic energy is the energy of motion Thermal energy is associated with the movement of atoms/molecules Heat is the transfer of thermal energy from one object to another Potential energy is the energy possessed by matter due to its location or structure Chemical energy is a type of potential energy Thermodynamics Thermodynamics is the study of energy transformations The First Law of Thermodynamics Energy can be transferred and/or transformed, but neither created nor destroyed The Second Law of Thermodynamics Energy transformations favor a more disorderly state, increasing entropy Entropy Entropy is a measure of the disorder, or randomness, of a system

Raven Biology Chapter 6 Notes

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Gavin Morgan 10/28/2015 Chapter 6 2-Point Notes Energy can take many forms: 1. Energy is defined as the capacity to do work. 2. Energy can take many forms: mechanical energy, heat, sound, electric current, light, or radioactivity. The sun provides energy for living organisms: 1. Energy flows into the biological world from the Sun. 2. Breaking the bonds between atoms requires energy. Oxidation-reduction reactions transfer electrons while bonds are made or broken: 1. During a chemical reaction, the energy stored in chemical bonds may be used to make new bonds.

AP Bio Chp. 8

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Thermodynamic processes

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AP Biology Reading Guide Chapter 8: An Introduction to Metabolism Fred and Theresa Holtzclaw Copyright ? 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. - 7 - AP Biology Reading Guide Chapter 8: An Introduction to Metabolism Fred and Theresa Holtzclaw Copyright ? 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. - 1 - Name _________________________________________________ MOD____________ Date ________ Chapter 8: An Introduction to Metabolism Concept 8.1 An organism?s metabolism transforms matter and energy, subject to the laws of thermodynamics 1. Define metabolism. 2. There are two types of reactions in metabolic pathways: anabolic and catabolic. a. Which reactions release energy? b. Which reactions consume energy?

Cell Bio chapter 8

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Enzymes

Non-competitive inhibition

ATP hydrolysis

Concept 8.1 What is energy? Potential energy = stored energy Chemical bonds Concentration gradients (can be used to do cellular work) Electrical potential Kinetic energy = movement energy Heat = molecular motion Mechanical = moving molecules past each other Electrical = moving charged particles Forms of energy Biker at top of hill potential Biker going down hill kinetic Why do cells need energy? Synthetic work = building macromolecules (e.g., making protein) mechanical work = moving molecules past each other e.g., muscle shortening concentration work = creating chemical gradients e.g. storing glucose electrical work = creating ion gradients e.g., unequal distribution of sodium and potassium ions Metabolic pathways Catabolic pathways ? release energy

Metabolism

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