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Physics

Atomic Radius

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Atomic Radius: The atomic radius is the size of the atom of an element. The values decrease. Yes, they both decrease. The atomic radius increases. Yes, but they increase at a slower rate. Ionic Radius: An atom becomes a cation when an atom loses electrons in a reaction. An atom becomes an anion when it gains electrons in a reaction. The cations? values decrease. The anion?s values also decrease. Yes, their trends are the same. The ionic radius value increases. Yes, they also increase. Electronegativity: Electronegativity is the measurement of an element?s tendency to react with electrons in a chemical bond. The values greatly increase. Yes, they both increase. The values slowly decrease. No, because only one number in group 18 is plotted.

cell bi chapter 1/2

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Chapter One Characteristics of living organisms Consist of one or more cells Unicellular organisms (1) A single cell carries out all the functions of life Multicellular organisms Made of many specialized cells Consist of genetic information DNA Info molecule Passed on during cell division Composed of nucleotides Genetic code Gene Specific segment of DNA molecule Contains info to make proteins Proteins Control chemical reactions Cell/organism structure and function Use genetic information to reproduce Use genetic information for growth and development Can extract energy from the environment and use it to do biological work Can convert molecules obtained from their environment into new biological molecules Can respond to environmental changes

AP Biology Basic Chemistry

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Resch/Stuart AP Biology Basic Chemistry Basic Chemistry Review Directions: Since this will be handed in digitally, please type all response in bold directly below the question. ?Once you are done, please submit this document via google drive. ?Remember that this is due by Aug. 18th. Review: J.J. Thomson?s Plum Pudding model and ionic vs. molecular bonding

Living in the Environment 16th Ed. : Ch.2 Key Terms

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Chapter 2 Key Terms acidity Ions are also important for measuring a substance?s acidity in a water solution, a chemical characteristic that helps determine how a substance dissolved in water will interact with and affect its environment. atom The most basic building block of matter is an atom: the smallest unit of matter into which an element can be divided and still retain its chemical properties. atomic number Each element has a unique atomic number, equal to the number of protons in the nucleus of its atom. atomic theory The idea that all elements are made up of atoms is called the atomic theory and is the most widely accepted scientific theory in chemistry. cells

Mouse Trap Reflection

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Mouse Trap Reflection Construction How it was made: The car was made by cutting out cardboard for the body that would fit the mouse trap on top of it. The wheels were made out of cardboard, larger in the back and smaller in the front. Dowel rods were used as the axels and cut the straw in half to make it so the axel would be able to spin. Changes: One change that was made was to make the body longer. This change was made so a lever could be used on the mouse trap and be able to get the wheels to move. The results of the change were that the mouse trap and lever would be able to move the wheels.

Friction Lab Summary

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Friction Summary Questions: How does mass affect frictional force? How does the surface affect frictional force? Procedure Sliding Set your block on a flat surface Put 2 weights on top of the block Put the 5N weight on top of the block Connect the spring scale to the block Pull the spring scale Use the spring scale to measure the force Write down the data Repeat steps 1-7 with 4 weights then 6 weights Rolling Set 20 colored pencils on a flat surface Set the block on top of the colored pencils in the back Put 2 weights on top of the block Put the 5N weight on top of the block Connect the spring scale to the block Pull the spring scale Use the spring scale to measure the force Write down the data Repeat steps 1-8 with 4 weights then 6 weights Static

atomic structure

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Atomic Structure Definitions ? Acceleration ? The stage of mass spectrometry during which the movement of the ions of the sample is speeded up using a series of negatively-charged plates. ? Atomic number ? The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of an element. Represented by the symbol Z. Also called the proton number. ? Deflection ? The stage of mass spectrometry during which the beam of ions is bent by a particular amount, depending on its mass-to-charge ratio. This is achieved using an electromagnet. ? Detection ? The stage of mass spectrometry during which the ions strike a collector plate, producing a mass spectrum for analysis. ? Diatomic ? A molecule consisting of two atoms. ? Electromagnet ? The part of a mass spectrometer responsible for the

Chapter 8

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Chemistry 1210: Introduction to General Chemistry Dr. Gina M. Florio 05 November 2012 Jespersen, Brady & Hyslop Chapter 8 The Quantum Mechanical Atom Quantum Mechanics Ch. 8.1 The physics that describes objects with wave-particle duality is called quantum mechanics or quantum theory. In the late 1800?s, scientists discovered that electrons acted like tiny charged particles in some experiments and waves in others. Quantum mechanics accurately describes the structure and reactivity of atoms and molecules. Electromagnetic Radiation Ch. 8.1 Energy can be transferred as heat or as light. Electromagnetic radiation can be carried energy through space in the form of electromagnetic waves.

Chapter 7

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Chemistry 1210: Introduction to General Chemistry Dr. Gina M. Florio 18 October 2012 Brady, Jespersen, Hyslop Chapter 7 Energy & Chemical Change Thermochemistry: the study of energy flow during a chemical reaction Ch. 7.1 Energy: the ability to do work; often measured as heat Kinetic Energy: the energy of motion; KE = ?mv2 Potential Energy: stored or positional energy; chemical energy (no simple eqn.) Conservation of Energy: 1. Energy cannot be created or destroyed 2. Energy is only converted from one form to another (KE ? PE) 3. Total energy of the universe (or an isolated system) is constant Thermochemistry: Basic Definitions Units of Energy 1 Joule (J) ? the KE possessed by a 2 kg object moving at a velocity of 1 m/s 1 cal = 4.184 J (exactly) 1 kcal = 4.184 kJ

Chapter 11

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Kinetic Theory Of Gases Postulates of the Kinetic Theory of Gases: A gas consists of a large number of tiny particles that are in constant, random motion The gas particles occupy a net volume so small in relation to the volume of their container that their contribution to the total volume can be ignored The collisions between particles and the walls of the container are perfectly elastic (no energy transfer) Kinetic Theory of Gases relates temperature to average kinetic energy Kinetic Theory of Gases (aka Kinetic Molecular Theory) can be used to explain the Gas Laws: Pressure-Volume Relationship (Boyle?s Law) P? 1/V or V ? 1/P (at constant n, T) Pressure-Temperature Relationship (Guy-Lussac?s Law) ?T, ?v ?v, ?P Volume-Temperature Relationship (Charles?s Law)

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