Genetics

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Molecular biology

Gene expression

Gene

DNA

Transcription

Nucleic acid sequence

Genetics glossary

Chapter 17 From Gene to Protein Overview: The Flow of Genetic Information The information content of DNA is in the form of specific sequences of nucleotides along the DNA strands. The DNA inherited by an organism leads to specific traits by dictating the synthesis of proteins. Gene expression, the process by which DNA directs protein synthesis, includes two stages called transcription and translation. Proteins are the links between genotype and phenotype. Concept 17.1 Genes specify proteins via transcription and translation The study of metabolic defects provided evidence that genes specify proteins. In 1909, Archibald Gerrod was the first to suggest that genes dictate phenotype through enzymes that catalyze specific chemical reactions in the cell.

AP Bio hardy Weinberg lab

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Population genetics

Philosophy of biology

Introduction to evolution

Statistical genetics

Hardy–Weinberg principle

Evolution

Evolutionary biology

Heredity

Social Issues

BigIdea Investigation 2 S25 Evolution 1 INVESTIGATION 2 MATHEMATICAL MODELING: HARDY-WEINBERG* How can mathematical models be used to investigate the relationship between allele frequencies in populations of organisms and evolutionary change? ? BACKGROUND Evolution occurs in populations of organisms and involves variation in the population, heredity, and di!erential survival. One way to study evolution is to study how the frequency of alleles in a population changes from generation to generation. In other words, you can ask What are the inheritance patterns of alleles, not just from two parental organisms, but also in a population? You can then explore how allele frequencies change in populations and how these changes might predict what will happen to a population in

AP Biology Campbell 9th Chapter 20 outline

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#AP Biology #AP Bio #Biology #Study Guide

Genome

Full genome sequencing

Haemophilus influenzae

DNA

Human genome

Genome size

Business

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Chapter 20 Biotechnology Lecture Outline Overview: The DNA Toolbox ? In 1995, researchers sequenced the entire genome of a free-living organism, the bacterium Haemophilus influenzae. ? A mere 12 years later, genome sequencing was under way for more than 2,000 species. ? By 2007, researchers had completely sequenced hundreds of prokaryotic genomes and dozens of eukaryotic ones, including all 3 billion base pairs of the human genome. ? Rapid advances in DNA technology?methods of working with and manipulating DNA?had their roots in the 1970s. ? A key accomplishment was the invention of techniques for making recombinant DNA, DNA molecules formed when segments of DNA from two different sources?often different species?are combined in vitro.

Ap bio chapter 23 outline notes

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Population genetics

Philosophy of biology

Hardy–Weinberg principle

CHAPTER 23 THE EVOLUTION OF POPULATIONS OUTLINE I. Population Genetics A. The modern evolutionary synthesis integrated Darwinian selection and Mendelian inheritance B. The genetic structure of a population is defined by its allele and genotype frequencies C. The Hardy-Weinberg theorem describes a nonevolving population II. Causes of Microevolution A. Microevolution is a generation-to-generation change in a population's allele or genotype frequencies B. The five causes of microevolution are genetic drift, gene flow, mutation, nonrandom mating, and natural selection III. Genetic Variation, the Substrate for Natural Selection A. Genetic variation occurs within and between populations B. Mutation and sexual recombination generate genetic variation

Bio Notes Genetics

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Philosophy of biology

Sex Linked genes -The X and Y chromosomes determine the sex of an individual and contain genes related to female and maleness. All other genes on these chromosomes are called sex linked genes -The X chromosome has the most genes but in some species (fruit fly), genes are found on the Y chromosome as well. genes on the Y chromosome are only passed from father to son -Sex linked gene inheritance (x linked) can be studied using fruit flies. The gene for eye color is located on the X chromosome. R-Red eyes are dominant to r white eyes. -Alleles carried on the X chromosome are shown as X^R, and X^r, Females have 2 alleles (X^R X^R, X^R X^r, or X^r X^r) while males only have one (X^R Y, or X^r Y) The male?s phenotype results from one X allele plll. Sex Linked Disorders In Humans

AP Biology Essay

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Cytogenetics

Classical genetics

Homologous chromosome

Meiosis

Mendelian inheritance

Genetics An organism is heterozygous at two genetic loci on different chromosomes. Explain how these alleles are transmitted by the process of mitosis to daughter cells. Explain how these alleles are distributed by the process of meiosis to gametes. Explain how the behavior of these two pairs of homologous chromosomes during meiosis provides the physical basis for Mendel?s two laws of inheritance. Labeled diagrams that are explained in your answer may be useful.

Social Development

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Psychology

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Preliminaries: why study development? Reasons to study development: reminder & to elaboration- understanding: to know a trait, know how it emerged: as a result of history and biologyUsing to treat disabilities, and to improve education - genes affect phenotype - The challenge: Social knowledge; social behavior: What do we need to know?We need to know the behavior and how it (change), the environment in which the behavior is changing, and biology (e.g. Brain)

AP Biology Campbell 8th edition Chapter 13 Study Guide

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Heredity

DNA

Species

Reproduction

Meiosis

Mutation

meiosis and sexual life cycle

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STUDY GUIDE: CH. 13 MEIOSIS AND SEXUAL LIFE CYCLE AN INTRODUCTION TO HEREDITY 1. Explain why organisms reproduce only their own kind and why offspring more closely resemble their parents than unrelated individuals of the same species. -We pass coded information in the form of DNA to our offspring -DNA can change in increments -Within species there may be significant variation -The more distantly related, the more different 2. Explain what makes heredity possible. -DNA is copied and then passed -Inheritance is an orderly, quantitative process -Most often, matched sets of genes are inherited from two parents 3. Distinguish asexual and sexual reproduction. -Asexual- one parent, offspring=clone, DNA passed was grouped by mitosis, faster, simpler, less energy,

Plants

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RNA

Cell

DNA

Acid

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plants

Chapter 1: Principles of Life Concept 1.1: Living Organisms Share Common Aspects of Structure, Function and Energy Flow Biology is the scientific study of living things All living things have a single common ancestor Life as we know it had a single origin All organisms: All organisms are composed of cells and organic material (amino acids, nucleic acids etc.) Contain genetic information for protein synthesis and reproduction Convert environmental molecules into biological molecules Use external energy for internal processes Maintain homeostasis Replicate DNA to prepare for reproduction Maintain similar genetic sequences in the fundamental set of genes Change their genetic information according to changes in environment (evolution)

Chapter 3C Outline

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Psychology

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Quantitative human behavioural genetics

Human behavior

Reproduction

Twin

Zoology

Gene

Chromosome

Evolution