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Molecular biology

Chapter 5 Test Bank AP Bio

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Campbell's Biology, 9e (Reece et al.) Chapter 5 The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules In Chapter 5, the principles of chemistry covered in earlier chapters are applied to the understanding of biological polymers and lipid membranes. The emphasis is on properly linking monomers and their polymers, and on the structural and functional diversity of the different polymer types. Particular attention is given to protein structure, because this is central to understanding subsequent chapters on metabolism, molecular biology, and molecular medicine. Multiple-Choice Questions 1) Humans and mice differ because A) their cells have different small organic molecules. B) their cells make different types of large biological molecules.

Campbell Biology Chapter 5

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? 2017 Pearson Education, Inc. Lecture Presentations byNicole Tunbridge and Kathleen Fitzpatrick Chapter 5The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules 1 The Molecules of Life All living things are made up of four classes of large biological molecules: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids Macromolecules are large molecules and are complex Large biological molecules have unique properties that arise from the orderly arrangement of their atoms ? 2017 Pearson Education, Inc. Concept 5.1: Macromolecules are polymers, built from monomers A polymer is a long molecule consisting of many similar building blocks The repeating units that serve as building blocks are called monomers Carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids are polymers ? 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

AP Bio_dna_is_genetic_material

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The Molecular Basis of Inheritance Life?s Operating Instructions * In 1953, James Watson and Francis Crick introduced an elegant double-helical model for the structure of deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA * Hereditary information is encoded in DNA and reproduced in all cells of the body * This DNA program directs the development of biochemical, anatomical, physiological, and (to some extent) behavioral traits * DNA is copied during DNA replication, and cells can repair their DNA Concept 16.1: DNA is the genetic material * Early in the 20th century, the identification of the molecules of inheritance loomed as a major challenge to biologists The Search for the Genetic Material: Scientific Inquiry

The effect of UV light on bacteriophage

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Introduction: A bacteriophage is a virus which infects bacteria and have been of particular interest to scientists as vectors of horizontal gene transfer as well as the drivers of bacterial evolution, including as sources of diagnostic and genetic tools and novel therapeutic agents (Clokie et al., 2011). Just as with all viruses, bacteriophages are highly specific with regards to it?s host bacterium or it may only infect one species of bacteria (Kasman and Whitten, 2018).

cellsurface biofact sheet

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The Cell Surface Membrane B io F actsheet September 1997 Number 8 1 The cell surface membrane (formerly called the plasma membrane) surrounds the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. The membrane forms a selectively permeable barrier, controlling the substances that enter and leave the cell and therefore enables the cell to regulate its internal environment. 2. Glycolipids - which make up 5% of membrane lipids. Glycolipids occur on the external surface of the cell surface membrane and the carbohydrate portion of the glycolipid extends into the intercellular space and is called a glycocalyx. These are important in cell-to-cell recognition. 3. Cholesterol - a steroid which makes up 20% of lipids in animal membranes but is rarely found in plant cell membranes.

Campbell Biology 9th Edition Chapter 5

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LEVELS OF PROTEIN STRUCTURE Primary Structure?the unique sequence of amino acids, type sequence and number; determines the other three structures It is held together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl group of one amino acid with the amino group of another amino acid B. Secondary Structure? regular repeated coiling and folding of the polypeptide caused by H?bonds between atoms in the polypeptide backbone (a hydrogen on a nitrogen and a double?bonded oxygen atom) see Fig. 5.20 p. 76 a. alpha helix? a delicate coil held together by hydrogen bonding between every fourth peptide bond b. Beta pleated sheet? where regions of the chain lie parallel to each other LEVELS OF PROTEIN STRUCTURE

AP bio macromolecules ppt

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* Chapter 5 The Structure and Function of Macromolecules * The Molecules of Life Overview: Another level in the hierarchy of biological organization is reached when small organic molecules are joined together Atom ---> molecule ---? compound * Macromolecules Are large molecules composed of smaller molecules Are complex in their structures Figure 5.1 * Macromolecules Most macromolecules are polymers, built from monomers Four classes of life?s organic molecules are polymers Carbohydrates Proteins Nucleic acids Lipids * A polymer Is a long molecule consisting of many similar building blocks called monomers Specific monomers make up each macromolecule E.g. amino acids are the monomers for proteins * The Synthesis and Breakdown of Polymers

Ap bio Organic Chemistry ppt

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Organic Compounds The Structure and Function of Macromolecules Biological Molecules The study of carbon compounds, organic chemistry, focuses on any compound with carbon (organic compounds) Proteins, DNA, carbohydrates, and other molecules that distinguish living matter from inorganic material are all composed of carbon atoms bonded to each other and to atoms of other elements Carbon Atoms Carbon is building block of molecules Carbon has 4 valence electrons Can form 4 covalent bonds Tetravalence by carbon makes large, complex molecules possible Carbon Skeletons Carbon chains form the skeletons of most organic molecules The skeletons may vary in length and may be straight, branched, or arranged in closed rings. The carbon skeletons may include double bonds.

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