Biomolecule

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Campbell's Biology, 9e (Reece et al.) Chapter 5 The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules In Chapter 5, the principles of chemistry covered in earlier chapters are applied to the understanding of biological polymers and lipid membranes. The emphasis is on properly linking monomers and their polymers, and on the structural and functional diversity of the different polymer types. Particular attention is given to protein structure, because this is central to understanding subsequent chapters on metabolism, molecular biology, and molecular medicine. Multiple-Choice Questions 1) Humans and mice differ because A) their cells have different small organic molecules. B) their cells make different types of large biological molecules.

Campbell Biology Chapter 5

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Protein

? 2017 Pearson Education, Inc. Lecture Presentations byNicole Tunbridge and Kathleen Fitzpatrick Chapter 5The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules 1 The Molecules of Life All living things are made up of four classes of large biological molecules: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids Macromolecules are large molecules and are complex Large biological molecules have unique properties that arise from the orderly arrangement of their atoms ? 2017 Pearson Education, Inc. Concept 5.1: Macromolecules are polymers, built from monomers A polymer is a long molecule consisting of many similar building blocks The repeating units that serve as building blocks are called monomers Carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids are polymers ? 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

Campbell Biology 9th Edition Chapter 5

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LEVELS OF PROTEIN STRUCTURE Primary Structure?the unique sequence of amino acids, type sequence and number; determines the other three structures It is held together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl group of one amino acid with the amino group of another amino acid B. Secondary Structure? regular repeated coiling and folding of the polypeptide caused by H?bonds between atoms in the polypeptide backbone (a hydrogen on a nitrogen and a double?bonded oxygen atom) see Fig. 5.20 p. 76 a. alpha helix? a delicate coil held together by hydrogen bonding between every fourth peptide bond b. Beta pleated sheet? where regions of the chain lie parallel to each other LEVELS OF PROTEIN STRUCTURE

bio molecules

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Review ?Sheet ?for ?AP ?Biology ?042 ?? ?Biological ?Molecules ?Contributed ?by ?Winnie ?Litten ?? ?YouTube ?-?? ?/mslittenbiology ?Twitter-??@mslittenbiology ?

Ap bio Organic Chemistry ppt

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Organic Compounds The Structure and Function of Macromolecules Biological Molecules The study of carbon compounds, organic chemistry, focuses on any compound with carbon (organic compounds) Proteins, DNA, carbohydrates, and other molecules that distinguish living matter from inorganic material are all composed of carbon atoms bonded to each other and to atoms of other elements Carbon Atoms Carbon is building block of molecules Carbon has 4 valence electrons Can form 4 covalent bonds Tetravalence by carbon makes large, complex molecules possible Carbon Skeletons Carbon chains form the skeletons of most organic molecules The skeletons may vary in length and may be straight, branched, or arranged in closed rings. The carbon skeletons may include double bonds.

Campbell Biology 9th Edition - Ch. 5 Macromolecules

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Chapter 5 The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules Monomers Polymers Macromolecules Small organic Used for building blocks of polymers Connects with condensation reaction (dehydration synthesis) Long molecules of monomers With many identical or similar blocks linked by covalent bonds Giant molecules 2 or more polymers bonded together ie. amino acid ? peptide ? polypeptide ? protein smaller larger Dehydration Synthesis (Condensation Reaction) Hydrolysis Make polymers Breakdown polymers Monomers ? Polymers Polymers ? Monomers A + B ? AB AB ? A + B + H2O + + H2O + Dehydration Synthesis Hydrolysis I. Carbohydrates Fuel and building material Include simple sugars (fructose) and polymers (starch) Ratio of 1 carbon: 2 hydrogen: 1 oxygen or CH2O

Pearson Guided Reading Activities KEY CH3

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Nutrition

Molecular biology

Equilibrium chemistry

Glucose

Chapter 3: The Molecules of Cells Copyright ? 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. 15 Name ________________________ Period _________ # 152826 Cust: Pearson Au: Reece Pg. No. 15 Title: Active Reading Guide for Campbell Biology: Concepts & Connections, 8e C / M / Y / K Short / Normal DESIGN SERVICES OF S4-CARLISLE Publishing Services Chapter 3: The Molecules of Cells Guided Reading Activities Big idea: Introduction to organic compounds Answer the following questions as you read modules 3.1?3.3: 1. Is this molecule an organic compound? Briefly explain your answer. OHH C HH C H H Alcohol 2. We are a carbon-based life form. List three properties of carbon that make it an ideal element from which to construct a wide variety of complex molecules.

Campbell Biology 9th Edition Chapter 5 Outline

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Polymer

DNA, RNA and proteins: The three essential macromolecules of life

Protein

Nucleic acid

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nutrition

Carbohydrate chemistry

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules Outline

health

Chapter 5: The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules Outline The Molecules of Life Macromolecules: carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids Architecture of a large biological molecule helps explain how that molecule works Macromolecules are Polymers, Built from Monomers Polymer: A long molecule consisting of many similar or identical building blocks linked by covalent bonds, much as a train consists of a chain of cars Monomers: The repeating units that serve as the building blocks of a polymer Synthesis and Breakdown of Polymers Enzymes: Specialized macromolecules that speed up chemical reactions Dehyrdration Reaction: Two molecules are covalently bonded to each other, with the loss of a water molecule

Biological Molecules Graphic Organizer

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Genetics

RNA

Polymer

DNA

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DNA

Proteins

Lipdids Carbohydrates

Date: Name: Period: ? Please fill in the table below: Biological Molecule Organizer ? Biological Molecule Common Name Elements Present Uses by Living Things Monomer & Polymer Example Carbohydrates Monomer: Polymer: Lipids Not Applicable Proteins Monomer: Polymer: Nucleic Acids DNA and RNA Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen Phosphorous Stores life?s instructions Monomer: Nucleotides Polymer: Nucleic Acids DNA, RNA
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Chapter 5 Notes

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