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Twin

Module 33: Genetic and Environmental Influences on Intelligence

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Psychology
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meyers
8th Edition

Module 33: Genetic and Environmental Influences on Intelligence 33-1 Genetic Influences people who share the same genes also share comparable mental abilities intelligence test scores of identical twins raised together are virtually the same brain scans indicate identical twins have the same gray matter volume adopted children?s intelligence scores become more like those of their biological parents over time and identical twins similarities continue or increase into their 80s. aka genes influence a lot. heritability ? the proportion of variation among individuals that we can attribute to genes. The heritability of a trait may vary, depending on the range of populations and environments studied. If environments become more equal, the heritability of intelligence would INCREASE

Chapter 3C Outline

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Kelly Krawczyk Psych Outline Unit 3C ? Genetics, Evolutionary Psychology, and Behavior Behavior Genetics: Prediction Individual Differences Genes: Our Codes for Life 46 chromosomes: 23 from mother, 23 from father Genes can be active (expressed) or inactive Environment can ?turn on? genes Most traits are influenced by genes Twin and Adoption Studies Identical Versus Fraternal Twins Identical ? have same genes but not always same # Most identical share placenta but 1/3 have separate Shared genes can translate into shared experiences Separated Twins Separated twins are almost as similar as twins together Twin-study gave more appreciation to genetic influence Biological Versus Adoptive Relatives Genetic relatives, environmental relatives Adoptees are more similar to biological parents

Twins

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Identical twins are nature’s own human clones, only they share the same conception, uterus and birthday. Twins can help us understand nature and nurture through observing separated identical twins or just through their behavior in general. “Curiously twinning rates vary by race. The rate among Caucasians is roughly twice that of Asians and half that of Africans … In Western countries most twins are fraternal, and fraternal twins are increasing with the use of fertility drugs.” (Meyers 97) Fraternal twins are just like siblings that share a uterus and a birthday.
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