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Gamete

Chromosomes

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Surface Area to Volume Ratio and Karyotypes Surface Area= Area of each side of an object combined (Ex= Cube has 6 sides so the surface area would be the area of each side added all together) Volume= The amount of space that an object occupies, length x width x height Surface area to volume ratio can be described as the bigger something is or the more volume, the less surface area. On the other hand, the smaller something is or the less volume, then the more surface area.

Pearson Ch 13 - Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

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Ch 13: Meiosis and sexual life cycles Concept 13.1: Offspring acquire genes from parents by inheriting chromosome Comparison of Asexual and Sexual Reproduction In asexual reproduction, a single individual passes genes to its offspring without the fusion of gametes A clone is a group of genetically identical individuals from the same parent In sexual reproduction, two parents give rise to offspring, through the fusion of gametes, that have unique combinations of genes inherited from the two parents Concept 13.2: Fertilization and meiosis alternate in sexual life cycle Sets of Chromosomes in Human Cells Human somatic cells (any cell other than a gamete) have 23 pairs of chromosomes The two chromosomes in each pair are called homologous chromosomes, or homologs

Chp 12 Bio

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Overview: Locating Genes Along Chromosomes ? Mendel?s ?hereditary factors? were genes, though this wasn?t known at the time. ? The location of a particular gene can be seen by tagging isolated chromosomes with a fluorescent dye that highlights the gene. Concept 12.1 Mendelian inheritance has its physical basis in the behavior of chromosomes ? The chromosome theory of inheritance states: ? Mendelian genes have specific loci (positions) on chromosomes ? Chromosomes undergo segregation and independent assortment. ? The behavior of chromosomes during meiosis was said to account for Mendel?s laws of segregation and independent assortment. Morgan?s Experimental Evidence & Choice of Experimental Organism

Mendel and Meoisis

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Mendel and Meiosis Meiosis Genes, Chromosomes, and Numbers Organisms have tens of thousands of genes that determine their traits These genes are lined up on chromosomes (one can contain 1,000+ genes) In body cells of most plants and animals, chromosomes occur in pairs (one from mom, one from dad) Diploid: a cell with two of each kind of chromosome (2n) Organisms have two factors, called alleles, for each trait Organisms produce gametes that contain one of each kind of chromosome Haploid: a cell containing one of each kind of chromosome (n) Homologous chromosomes: the two chromosomes of each pair in a diploid cell Each member of a pair has genes for the same traits, arranged in the same order, but not necessarily identical

AP bio summer hw ch 4 questions

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AP Biology Summer Assignment Unit 4: Genetics Ch. 13- Compare and contrast sexual and asexual reproduction and list the advantages and disadvantages of each type of reproduction. Also, describe the most significant differences between mitosis and meiosis.
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