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Chromatid

Pearson Ch 13 - Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

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Molecular genetics
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mitosis

Ch 13: Meiosis and sexual life cycles Concept 13.1: Offspring acquire genes from parents by inheriting chromosome Comparison of Asexual and Sexual Reproduction In asexual reproduction, a single individual passes genes to its offspring without the fusion of gametes A clone is a group of genetically identical individuals from the same parent In sexual reproduction, two parents give rise to offspring, through the fusion of gametes, that have unique combinations of genes inherited from the two parents Concept 13.2: Fertilization and meiosis alternate in sexual life cycle Sets of Chromosomes in Human Cells Human somatic cells (any cell other than a gamete) have 23 pairs of chromosomes The two chromosomes in each pair are called homologous chromosomes, or homologs

ap_bio_chap_10_meiosis.ppt

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0 10 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Overview: Variations on a Theme Living organisms are distinguished by their ability to reproduce their own kind Heredity is the transmission of traits from one generation to the next Variation is demonstrated by the differences in appearance that offspring show from parents and siblings Genetics is the scientific study of heredity and variation Figure 10.1 Concept 10.1: Offspring acquire genes from parents by inheriting chromosomes In a literal sense, children do not inherit particular physical traits from their parents Inheritance of Genes Genes are the units of heredity and are made up of segments of DNA Genes are passed to the next generation via reproductive cells called gametes (sperm and eggs) Most DNA is packaged into chromosomes

Campbell Biology Chapter 13 Summary

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Chapter 13 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Lecture Outline Overview: Hereditary Similarity and Variation Living organisms are distinguished by their ability to reproduce their own kind. heredity or inheritance. The transmission of traits from one generation to the next is called offspring differ somewhat from parents and siblings, demonstrating variation. Farmers have bred plants and animals for desired traits for thousands of years, but the mechanisms of heredity and variation eluded biologists until the development of genetics in the 20th century. Genetics the scientific study of heredity and variation. Concept 13.1 Offspring acquire genes from parents by inheriting chromosomes Genes are segments of DNA.

Chapter 13 Meiosis Powerpoint

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Chapter 13 Meiosis One of the characteristics of life is that organisms reproduce their own kind Exceptions to this rule only show up as tabloid rumors Offspring generally resemble their parents in some form Heredity-transfer of traits from parent to offspring But there is variation We will look at how chromosomes pass from parent to offspring Parents give offspring coded information in units called genes It is our link to our parents The genetic program is written in the language of DNA-4 bases It is symbolic DNA programs the cell to translate the information Ex: when we read the word apple, we see the fruit Cells do the same thing except in the form of a code that might mean freckles, blue eyes, brown hair

AP Bio Reading Guide Answers CH 13

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Copyright ? 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. -1- Name__________________________Period___________ Chapter 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Concept 13.1 Offspring acquire genes from parents by inheriting chromosomes 1. Let?s begin with a review of several terms that you may already know. Define: gene: A discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific nucleotide sequence in DNA (or RNA, in some viruses) locus: A specific place along the length of a chromosome where a given gene is located gamete: A haploid reproductive cell, such as an egg or sperm. Gametes unite during sexual reproduction to produce a diploid zygote. male gamete: Sperm female gamete: Eggs

Mitosis and Meiosis

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2/27/13 1:16 PM Sisterchromatids ? 2 identical copies of a chromosome/chromatin attached at a centromere. Meiosis 2 divisions called meiosis I and meiosis II. During Meiosis I Crossing over ? exchanges genetic information between homologous chromosomes. Independent assortment ? Line up randomly and separate into daughter cells Both increase genetic diversity in sexual reproduction. During Meiosis II Sisterchromatids divide Final Result 4 cells, haploid genetically different from original cell. Mitosis and Meiosis 2/27/13 1:16 PM 2/27/13 1:16 PM
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