Genetic linkage

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Classical genetics

Genetic linkage

Mendelian inheritance

Complete linkage

Alfred Sturtevant

genetic recombination

CHAPTER 15THE CHROMOSOMAL BASIS OFINHERITANCE Copyright ? 2002 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Section A: Relating Mendelism to Chromosomes1. Mendelian inheritance has its physical basis in the behavior ofchromosomes during sexual life cycles2. Morgan traced a gene to a specific chromosome3. Linked genes tend to be inherited together because they are located on thesame chromosome4. Independent assortment of chromosomes and crossing over produce geneticrecombinants5. Geneticists use recombination data to map a chromosome?s genetic loci

Pearson Ch 15 - The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

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Ch 15: The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance and Gene Linkage Overview: Locating Genes on Chromosomes Mendel?s ?hereditary factors? were genes Today we can show that genes are located on chromosomes The location of a particular gene can be seen by tagging isolated chromosomes with a fluorescent dye that highlights the gene The chromosome theory of inheritance states: Mendelian genes have specific loci (positions) on chromosomes Chromosomes undergo segregation and independent assortment The behavior of chromosomes during meiosis can account for Mendel?s laws of segregation and independent assortment Concept 15.1: Mendelian inheritance has its physical basis in the behavior of chromosomes Morgan?s Experimental Evidence

Chp 12 Bio

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Meiosis

Gamete

Overview: Locating Genes Along Chromosomes ? Mendel?s ?hereditary factors? were genes, though this wasn?t known at the time. ? The location of a particular gene can be seen by tagging isolated chromosomes with a fluorescent dye that highlights the gene. Concept 12.1 Mendelian inheritance has its physical basis in the behavior of chromosomes ? The chromosome theory of inheritance states: ? Mendelian genes have specific loci (positions) on chromosomes ? Chromosomes undergo segregation and independent assortment. ? The behavior of chromosomes during meiosis was said to account for Mendel?s laws of segregation and independent assortment. Morgan?s Experimental Evidence & Choice of Experimental Organism

Ap Biology Chapter 15 Review

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Chapter 15 The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance Overview: Locating Genes Along Chromosomes Mendel?s ?hereditary factors? were genes, though this wasn?t known at the time Today we can show that genes are located on chromosomes The location of a particular gene can be seen by tagging isolated chromosomes with a fluorescent dye that highlights the gene Concept 15.1: Mendelian inheritance has its physical basis in the behavior of chromosomes Mitosis and meiosis were first described in the late 1800s The chromosome theory of inheritance states: Mendelian genes have specific loci (positions) on chromosomes Chromosomes undergo segregation and independent assortment The behavior of chromosomes during meiosis was said to account for Mendel?s laws of segregation and independent assortment

15_Lecture_Presentation

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Chapter 15 The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance Overview: Locating Genes Along Chromosomes Mendel?s ?hereditary factors? were genes, though this wasn?t known at the time Today we can show that genes are located on chromosomes The location of a particular gene can be seen by tagging isolated chromosomes with a fluorescent dye that highlights the gene Copyright ? 2008 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings Fig. 15-1 Concept 15.1: Mendelian inheritance has its physical basis in the behavior of chromosomes Mitosis and meiosis were first described in the late 1800s The chromosome theory of inheritance states: Mendelian genes have specific loci (positions) on chromosomes Chromosomes undergo segregation and independent assortment

Mendel and Meoisis

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Meiosis

Monohybrid cross

Chromosome

Gamete

Mendel and Meiosis Meiosis Genes, Chromosomes, and Numbers Organisms have tens of thousands of genes that determine their traits These genes are lined up on chromosomes (one can contain 1,000+ genes) In body cells of most plants and animals, chromosomes occur in pairs (one from mom, one from dad) Diploid: a cell with two of each kind of chromosome (2n) Organisms have two factors, called alleles, for each trait Organisms produce gametes that contain one of each kind of chromosome Haploid: a cell containing one of each kind of chromosome (n) Homologous chromosomes: the two chromosomes of each pair in a diploid cell Each member of a pair has genes for the same traits, arranged in the same order, but not necessarily identical

linkage chi-square test

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Chi-squared distribution

chi-squared

Chromosomal crossover

1 LECTURE: Linkage & Chi-square test Linkage & Chi-squared Test Outline and Objective 2 ? Accounting for disruptions in expected Mendelian ratios ? Application of the Chi-square test ? Objective: At the end of this lesson you should be able to: 1. Define the term linked gene 2. Differentiate between results obtained from linked genes and non-linked genes in dihybrid crosses 3. Write a null hypothesis 4. Apply the chi-squared test to results observed from crosses LECTURE: Linkage & Chi-square test 3 Review ?We have been looking so far at inheritance of genes on different chromosomes. ? Since humans for example, have thousands of traits, each chromosome must carry a large number of genes.

Chapter 10- Sexual Reproduction and Genetics Cont.

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Classical genetics

Philosophy of biology

Mendelian inheritance

Recessive

Hybrid

Chapter 10: Sexual Reproduction and Genetics Cont. MENDELIAN GENETICS -The parent generation known as the P generation -The offspring of this P cross is calle dthe first filial (F1) generation -The second filial (F2) generation is the offspring of the F1 cross -Mendel studied seven different traits: -Seed or pea color -Flower color -Seed pod color -Seed shape or texture -Seed pod shape -Stem length -Flower position GENES IN PAIRS -Allele -An alternative form of a single gene passed form generation to generation -Dominant -Recessive DOMINANCE -An organism with two of the same alleles for a particular trait is homozygous -An organism with two different alleles for a particular trait is heterozygous GENOTYPE AND PHENOTYPE

Campbell Biology Chapter 15 Summary

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Chromosomal crossover

Y chromosome

Meiosis

Dominance

Chapter 15 The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance Lecture Outline Overview: Locating Genes on Chromosomes Genes are located on chromosomes. Concept 15.1 Mendelian inheritance has its physical basis in the behavior of chromosomes Around 1900, cytologists and geneticists began to see parallels between the behavior of chromosomes and the behavior of Mendel?s factors. Using improved microscopy techniques, cytologists worked out the process of mitosis in 1875 and meiosis in the 1890s. Chromosomes and genes are both present in pairs in diploid cells. Homologous chromosomes separate and alleles segregate during meiosis. Fertilization restores the paired condition for both chromosomes and genes.

Pedigree Lab

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X-linked recessive inheritance

Philosophy of biology

Chromosomal crossover

Dominance

genotype