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matter

APES beginner vocabulary

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Environment

Basic Scientific Concepts Organic vs. Inorganic: The primary difference between organic compounds and inorganic compounds is that organic compounds always contain carbon while most inorganic compounds do not. Also, all organic compounds contain carbon, hydrogen or C-H bonds. Ex. of Organic Compounds: Nucleic Acids, Fats, Sugars, Proteins, Enzymes, Fuels, DNA, and Methane CH4 Ex. of Inorganic Compounds: Salts, Metals, Table Salt and Carbon Dioxide Gene: A unit of heredity; a segment of DNA nucleus of the cell that contains information for the synthesis of a specific protein. Ex: Enzymes Gene pool: Combined genetic information, such as alleles, of all the members of a particular population.

Chemistry Basics (1st half of chemistry books)

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thermodynamics
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CHAPTER ONE: Mass Kilogram (kg) Balance scale Volume Cubic Meter (m?) Graduated cylinder Temperature Kelvin (K) Thermometer Length Meters (m) Meter stick Time Seconds (sec) Stopwatch Energy Joules (J) (Measured Indirectly) Independent: what you control Dependent: what you measure or observe CHAPTER TWO: Ionic Compounds: 2 elements/ a metal & nonmetal Write the name of the metal (cation) Write the name of the non-metal (anion) with the suffix ?-ide? Polyatomic ions don?t change their name Molecular Compounds: 2 non-metals/ no hydrogen First word= name of first element with no name change Second word= name of second element with ending change to ?-ide? Prefix with mono, di, tri, tetra, penta, hexa, hepta, octa, nona, or deca

Chemistry Basics (1st half of chemistry books)

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Chemistry
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Chemistry
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matter
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State functions
thermodynamics
Gas
Properties of water
Chemical reaction
Oxygen
Temperature

CHAPTER ONE: Mass Kilogram (kg) Balance scale Volume Cubic Meter (m?) Graduated cylinder Temperature Kelvin (K) Thermometer Length Meters (m) Meter stick Time Seconds (sec) Stopwatch Energy Joules (J) (Measured Indirectly) Independent: what you control Dependent: what you measure or observe CHAPTER TWO: Ionic Compounds: 2 elements/ a metal & nonmetal Write the name of the metal (cation) Write the name of the non-metal (anion) with the suffix ?-ide? Polyatomic ions don?t change their name Molecular Compounds: 2 non-metals/ no hydrogen First word= name of first element with no name change Second word= name of second element with ending change to ?-ide? Prefix with mono, di, tri, tetra, penta, hexa, hepta, octa, nona, or deca

AP Chemistry Vocabulary Chapter 1-4,9

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Chemical element
matter
Atomic theory
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Atomic mass
electron

analytical chemistry the area of chemistry that focuses on the composition of matter applied chemistry research that is directed toward a practical goal or application biochemistry the area of chemistry that focuses on processes that take place in organisms biotechnology the field that applies science to the production of biological products or processes chemistry the study of the composition of matter and the changes that matter undergoes experiment a repeatable procedure that is used to test a hypothesis hypothesis a proposed explanation for an observation inorganic chemistry the study of substances that, in general, do not contain carbon macroscopic describes the world of objects that are large enough to see with the unaided eye matter

math review

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Soft matter
matter
measurement
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Natural gas
Barrel
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APES Mathematics Review The APES Examination will require you to do mathematical calculations. Occasionally these calculations may be somewhat esoteric, and you may find it possible to do them in your head; nonetheless, it is mandatory to show all work for all calculations on the free-response section of the APES exam. This worksheet is designed help to prepare you for the type of calculations you may encounter on this year?s APES exam. Use a separate piece of paper, and for each problem, show every step of your work, and indicate the cancellation of all units?No Calculators!! Scientific Notation?All APES students should be able to work comfortably with numbers in scientific notation. ? Place the following numbers into scientific notation. 1. one billion

Math Review

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APES Mathematics Review The APES Examination will require you to do mathematical calculations. Occasionally these calculations may be somewhat esoteric, and you may find it possible to do them in your head; nonetheless, it is mandatory to show all work for all calculations on the free-response section of the APES exam. This worksheet is designed help to prepare you for the type of calculations you may encounter on this year?s APES exam. Use a separate piece of paper, and for each problem, show every step of your work, and indicate the cancellation of all units?No Calculators!! Scientific Notation?All APES students should be able to work comfortably with numbers in scientific notation. ? Place the following numbers into scientific notation. 1. one billion

Chapter 2 Outline

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Isotope
Chemical element
Environment
#environmentalscience

SCIENCE, MATTER, ENERGY, AND SYSTEMS p.28-49 Core Case Study ? Carrying Out a Controlled Scientific Experiment o controlled experiment- a way in which scientists learn about how nature works is to conduct a controlled experiment o variables- factors that can change within a system or situation being studied o single-variable analysis- an experiment designed to isolate and study the effects of one variable at a time o experimental group- a chosen variable is changed in a known way o control group- the chosen variable is not changed 2-1 What Is Science p.29-35 ? Science Is a Search for Order in Nature o science- an endeavor to discover how nature works and to use that knowledge to make predictions

Metal Nonmetal and Metalloid

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Periodic Table
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Alkaline earth metal
Rubidium
ion
metal nonmetal metalloid chemistry

7.6 Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids The more an element exhibits the physical and chemical properties of metals, the greater its metallic character. Metals: Good conductor of heat and electricity. Malleable (can be pounded into thin sheets) and ductile (can be drawn into wires). Tend to have low ionization energies and therefore tend to form positive ions relatively easily. Are oxidized. Compounds of metals with nonmetals tend to be ionic substances (halides). Most metal oxides are basic. Metal oxide + water -> metal hydroxide Metal oxide + acid -> salt + water Nonmetals: Nonmetals vary greatly in appearances. Because of their electron affinities, nonmetals tend to gain electrons when they react with metals.

Prentice Hall AP Chem. Chapter 1 notes

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Matter
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Chemical element
Physical change
measurement

Chapter 1 Introduction: Matter and Measurement John D. Bookstaver St. Charles Community College St. Peters, MO ? 2006, Prentice Hall Chemistry, The Central Science, 10th edition Theodore L. Brown; H. Eugene LeMay, Jr.; and Bruce E. Bursten Chemistry: The study of matter and the changes it undergoes. Scientific Method: A systematic approach to solving problems. Matter: Anything that has mass and takes up space. Matter Atoms are the building blocks of matter. Matter Atoms are the building blocks of matter. Each element is made of the same kind of atom. Matter Atoms are the building blocks of matter. Each element is made of the same kind of atom. A compound is made of two or more different kinds of elements. States of Matter Classification of Matter

APES ch 2 ppt

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matter

Chapter 2 Science, Systems, Matter, and Energy Chapter Overview Questions What is science, and what do scientists do? What are major components and behaviors of complex systems? What are the basic forms of matter, and what makes matter useful as a resource? What types of changes can matter undergo and what scientific law governs matter? Chapter Overview Questions (cont?d) What are the major forms of energy, and what makes energy useful as a resource? What are two scientific laws governing changes of energy from one form to another? How are the scientific laws governing changes of matter and energy from one form to another related to resource use, environmental degradation and sustainability? Updates Online

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