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Lac operon

AP Bio Campbell 7E Chapter 18 Test Bank

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Ch 18 Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. ____ 1. Which of the following is (are) true about viruses? a. Viruses are classified below the cellular level of biological organization. b. A single virus particle contains both DNA and RNA. c. Even small virus particles are visible with light microscopes. d. Only A and B are true. e. A, B, and C are true. ____ 2. Which of the following is not a reason scientists suspected that something other than bacteria was the cause of tobacco mosaic disease? a. Passing infectious sap through a fine filter failed to remove the infectious agent. b. Treating infectious sap with alcohol failed to remove the infectious agent. c.

AP Biology Chapter 18 Notes Campbell/Reece

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Gene expression
Transcriptional regulation
Regulation of gene expression
Tryptophan repressor
Operon
Trp operon
Lac operon
Transcription factor
Transcription
Regulator gene
Post-transcriptional regulation
health

Chapter 18 Regulation of Gene Expression Conducting the Genetic Orchestra Cells precisely regulate their gene expression. Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes must alter thaier patterns of gene expression in response to changes in the environment. Remember, each cell contains the same genetic information, but the liver cell and brain cell express very different proteins, etc. This chapter will look at how cells (bacteria, eukayotes, etc.) regulate expression of their genes. Point: in eukaryotes, the expression of a gene is often regulated at the level of transcription. Learn this. Point: disruptions in gene regulation can lead to cancer 18.1 Bacteria often respond to environmental change by regulating Transcription

bio PS soln

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biochemistry
Lac operon
Isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside
Lac repressor
Beta-galactosidase
Activator
Allolactose
Repressor
X-gal
Operon
health

Solutions to Practice Problems for Molecular Biology, Session 5: Gene Regulation and the Lac Operon ? ? Question 1 ? ? ? a) How does lactose (allolactose) promote transcription of LacZ? 1) Lactose binds to the polymerase and increases efficiency. 2) Lactose binds to a repressor protein, and alters its conformation to prevent it from binding to the DNA and interfering with the binding of RNA polymerase. 3) Lactose binds to an activator protein, which can then help the RNA polymerase bind to the promoter and begin transcription. 4) Lactose prevents premature termination of transcription by directly binding to and bending the DNA. Solution: 2) Lactose binds to a repressor protein, and alters its conformation to prevent it from binding to the DNA

bio PS

Subject: 
Biology
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Biology
Gene expression
biochemistry
Lac operon
Isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside
Beta-galactosidase
Lac repressor
Allolactose
Activator
X-gal
Repressor
Operon
health

Practice Problems for Molecular Biology, Session 5: Gene Regulation and the Lac Operon ? ? Question 1 ? ? ? a) How does lactose (allolactose) promote transcription of LacZ? 1) Lactose binds to the polymerase and increases efficiency. 2) Lactose binds to a repressor protein, and alters its conformation to prevent it from binding to the DNA and interfering with the binding of RNA polymerase. 3) Lactose binds to an activator protein, which can then help the RNA polymerase bind to the promoter and begin transcription. 4) Lactose prevents premature termination of transcription by directly binding to and bending the DNA. b) What molecule is used to signal low glucose levels to the Lac operon regulatory system? 1) Cyclic AMP 2) Calcium 3) Lactose

bio diagram

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Gene expression
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Activator
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Lac repressor
Operator
Operon
Promoter
Regulation of gene expression
Messenger RNA

glucose lactose operator (repressor binding site) PromoterZYA lacZ lacY lacAcrp lacI repressor active activator inactive PromoterIPromotercrp + - mRNA mRNA activator binding site polymerase RNA polymerase RNA operator (repressor binding site) PromoterZYA lacZ lacY lacAcrp lacI repressor active repressor lactose inactive activator inactive cAMP activator active PromoterIPromotercrp mRNA mRNA mRNA LacZ (?gal) LacY LacA activator binding site polymerase RNA polymerase RNA repressor active can metabolize lactose!cAMP + - + lactose + cAMP activator active polymerase RNA DNA DNA The lac operon: a model of gene regulation in E. coli MIT OpenCourseWare http://ocw.mit.edu 7.01SC Fundamentals of Biology Fall 2011

exam 2

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Genetics
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Lac operon
Transcription
Gene
Reverse transcriptase
DNA Replication
DNA
health

Molecular Biology Unit Exam Question 1 Consider the following origin of replication that is found on a chromosome. The sequence of region 1 is shown below. Region 1: 5??CTGACTGACA?3? 3??GACTGACTGT?5? 3? 5? 5? 3? Region 1 top ? ori bottom ? a) Within Region 1, which strand will be the template for leading strand synthesis, the top or the bottom? b) If we assume that a lagging strand fragment is made from region 1, what will be its sequence? c) You examine DNA replication in an E. coli mutant, which has a partially defective DNA polymerase. In vitro experiments using the mutant DNA polymerase gives an error rate of 10-3, as compared to the expected error

exam2 soln

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Biology
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Biology
Gene expression
Genetics
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RNA
Protein biosynthesis
Lac operon
Gene
Mutation
Transcription
DNA Replication
Translation
health

Solutions to Molecular Biology Unit Exam Question 1 Consider the following origin of replication that is found on a chromosome. The sequence of region 1 is shown below. Region 1: 5??CTGACTGACA?3? 3??GACTGACTGT?5? 5? 3? 5? 3? Region 1 ori top ? bottom ? a) Within Region 1, which strand will be the template for leading strand synthesis, the top or the bottom? The bottom strand will be the template for leading strand synthesis. b) If we assume that a lagging strand fragment is made from region 1, what will be its sequence? 5? T G T C A G T C A G 3? c) You examine DNA replication in an E. coli mutant, which has a partially defective DNA polymerase. In vitro
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