Neolithic Revolution

River valley civilization

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Civilizations

Western Asia

Middle East

Culture

Sumer

Cradle of civilization

Mesopotamia

Chapter 1: From Human Prehistory to the Early Civilizations Human Life in the Era of Hunters and Gatherers Hunting and gathering economies dominated human history until 9000 BCE helped propel migration over most of the lands on earth Human origin = 2.5 million years ago 1/4000 of earth?s existence; 5 minutes / 24-hour day Drawbacks: aggressive against their own kind dependent babies limited the adult women back problems due to the upright stature death fears tensions Achievements: grip reproduction omnivores facial expressions aids communication distinctive brain & speech culture Human Life Before Agriculture Human societies spread widely geographically Tool use gradually improved in the hunter-gatherer economy

The Neolithic Revolution and Early Agricultural Societies

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Humanities

Culture

Anthropology

Cultural anthropology

Agricultural Revolution

Archaeological theory

Nomads

The Neolithic Revolution and Early Agricultural Societies End of the Ice Ages (ended 12,000 years ago) Milder conditions Warmer temperatures Tundra-> Grassland Grassland-> Forests Population 2mil-50mil by 5000BCE 50mil-100mil by 1000BCE Population growth because how they fed themselves New skills= pastoralism & agriculture manipulate environment Neolithic Revolution Took place over many centuries At different times in different places Changes were immense Pastoralism and Herding Societies Domestication of animals Began during Stone Age Order- 1st was the dog Provided Companionship Security Help in hunting Next- Goats, Sheep, Pigs Then- Horses, Water buffalo, Oxen, Camels, Llamas=transportation & labor (only Americas) Animal droppings=fertilizer Wool & hides= clothing

Geography and the Peopling on Earth

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Geological history of Earth

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Pleistocene

Earth

Human

Eurasia

Atlantic Ocean

Beringia

Oceania

Geography & the Peopling on Earth Geographic Orientation Antarctica- No native pop. Australia Oldest surviving ethnic group- Aborigines Very isolated for most of its history 1,000?s of islands in Pacific (Oceania)= Part of Australia Africa Birthplace of humanity Northern 1/3= Sahara Desert Asia Largest Most populated Most diverse mix of Climates Languages Cultures Subregions= Middle East Central Asia South Asia (Indian Subcontinent) Southeast Asia East Asia (Core= China, Korea, Japan) Europe Small continent Large population Resource-rich Mild & temperate climate Physically joined to Asia (Eurasia) The Arctic Ocean Smallest ocean Ice most of the year Difficult to navigate Location of the Northwest passage sought by European explorers Passage is unusable due to ice-bound conditions

ap human geo ch 10 notes

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Food and drink

Humanities

Archaeology

Agricultural Revolution

Archaeological theory

Plant

Crop

Seth Adler Where Did Agriculture Originate? Began before recorded history. Origins of Agriculture. Agriculture ? Modification of Earth?s surface through cultivation of plants and rearing of animals for sustenance or economic gain. Originated when humans domesticated plants and animals. Crop ? Any plant cultivates by humans. Hunters and Gatherers. Lived in small groups (<50). Large groups would use up more resources. Men hunted and women gathered. Based on archaeology and anthropology, not stereotypes. Kept peace by steering clear of each other?s territory. Less than a quarter million (0.005%) still hunt and gather. Spinifex (Pila Nguru) Australia?s Great Victorian Desert Sentinelese India?s Andaman Islands Bushmen Botswana and Namibia Invention of Agriculture

Chapter 1 Stearns MCQ

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Geography of Iraqi Kurdistan

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Western Asia

Geography of Asia

Asia

Levant

Civilizations

Tur Abdin

Upper Mesopotamia

Mesopotamia

River valley civilization

Human

1 Copyright ? 2011 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP Edition, 6e (Stearns) Chapter 1 From Human Prehistory to the Earliest Civilizations Multiple-Choice Questions 1) Hunting and gathering societies A) are not able to produce art. B) organize rather small groups into political units. C) could not survive after Middle Eastern people developed agriculture. D) generally produce a food surplus. Answer: B Page Ref: 2, 15-16 Topic: Human Life in the Era of Hunters and Gatherers Skill: Conceptual 2) The Paleolithic Age refers to A) the period at which agriculture was developed. B) the period in which simple stone tools were developed.

JARED DIAMOND

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Culture

Food and drink

Guns, Germs, and Steel

Name:_______________________________________________ Date:______________ Viewing Guide: Teacher?s Answer Key Guns, Germs, and Steel: Episode 1 Directions: Before viewing the fi lm, read each question below so you know what information and ideas you should be looking for as you watch Episode 1. Record your answers to each question by providing as many facts, details, and examples as possible to answer each question. Be prepared to discuss your answers with the class and to use them as you work on a project. 1. According to Jared Diamond, what are the three major elements that separate the world?s ?haves? from the ?have nots?? Answer: Guns, germs, and steel 2. Jared Diamond refers to the people of New Guinea as ?among the world?s most culturally

HuG Notes

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Crops

Subsistence agriculture

Commercial agriculture

Shifting cultivation

Cereal

Wheat

Farming Systems in India

Environment

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false. 1) About two-thirds of the people in the world are farmers. 2) Most of the wheat grown in the American grain region is consumed by animals. 3) Subsistence agriculture is designed mainly to generate products for sale off the farm. 4) Most people in Asia, Africa, and Latin America have become commercial farmers. 5) Hunting and gathering is still practiced by isolated groups in Africa, Australia, and South America. 6) Shifting cultivation can support large population concentrations in East and South Asia. 7) Intensive subsistence agriculture involves large amounts of efforts used to produce the maximum feasible yield from a given piece of land.

Human Geo Agriculture Review

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Crops

Subsistence agriculture

Commercial agriculture

Shifting cultivation

Cereal

Wheat

Farming Systems in India

Environment

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false. 1) About two-thirds of the people in the world are farmers. 2) Most of the wheat grown in the American grain region is consumed by animals. 3) Subsistence agriculture is designed mainly to generate products for sale off the farm. 4) Most people in Asia, Africa, and Latin America have become commercial farmers. 5) Hunting and gathering is still practiced by isolated groups in Africa, Australia, and South America. 6) Shifting cultivation can support large population concentrations in East and South Asia. 7) Intensive subsistence agriculture involves large amounts of efforts used to produce the maximum feasible yield from a given piece of land.

ch10 outline

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Archaeology

Archaeological theory

Fertile Crescent

Neolithic