Western Asia

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Geography of Asia

Indus Valley Civilisation

Ancient history

Harappa

Olmecs

Chavín culture

Civilizations First developed in Mesopotamia All civilizations have four distinct features Economic surplus Formal governments Writing Urban centers Often had men in a place of power over women Mesopotamia The civilizations that arose in the alluvial plain of the Tigris and Euphrates river valleys Had bronze and iron by 4000 BCE Sumer Sumerians joined Mesopotamia in 4000 BCE Developed a cuneiform system by 3500 BCE First known case of writing Founded astronomy Created a numbering system Developed complex religious rituals Built ziggurats Believed in multiple gods Prayers and offerings Believed in afterlife Original version of hell Developed city-states ruled by a king Government regulated religion, provided justice

Chapter 2- Early Civilizations

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Geography of Asia

Indus Valley Civilisation

Ancient history

Harappa

Olmecs

Chavín culture

Civilizations First developed in Mesopotamia All civilizations have four distinct features Economic surplus Formal governments Writing Urban centers Often had men in a place of power over women Mesopotamia The civilizations that arose in the alluvial plain of the Tigris and Euphrates river valleys Had bronze and iron by 4000 BCE Sumer Sumerians joined Mesopotamia in 4000 BCE Developed a cuneiform system by 3500 BCE First known case of writing Founded astronomy Created a numbering system Developed complex religious rituals Built ziggurats Believed in multiple gods Prayers and offerings Believed in afterlife Original version of hell Developed city-states ruled by a king Government regulated religion, provided justice

World Civilizations Notes Chapter 1

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Middle East

River valley civilization

Chapter 1: From Human Prehistory to the Early Civilizations Human Life in the Era of Hunters and Gatherers Hunting and gathering economies dominated human history until 9000 BCE helped propel migration over most of the lands on earth Human origin = 2.5 million years ago 1/4000 of earth?s existence; 5 minutes / 24-hour day Drawbacks: aggressive against their own kind dependent babies limited the adult women back problems due to the upright stature death fears tensions Achievements: grip reproduction omnivores facial expressions aids communication distinctive brain & speech culture Human Life Before Agriculture Human societies spread widely geographically Tool use gradually improved in the hunter-gatherer economy

Ways of the World Notes Chapter 3

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Nubia

3rd millennium BC

Chapter 3: First Civilizations ? Cities, States, and Unequal Societies, 3500?500 B.C.E. ?escape from civilization? constraints, artificiality, hierarchies, and other discontents greater oppression and inequality I. Something New: The Emergence of Civilizations independent global phenomenon A. Introducing the First Civilizations 1. Sumer, Egypt, & Nubia, 3500?3000 B.C.E. 2. Norte Chico, 3000?1800 B.C.E. Supe River Valley, along the central coast of Peru desert, little rainfall, dozens of rivers monumental architecture, large public ceremonial structures, stone residential buildings & other signs of urban life economy based on an extremely rich fishing industry quipu, may have been an alternative form of writing smaller cities with no defense walls

Early Man And River Valleys

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Eastern Mediterranean

Early Man and River Valleys Review Characteristics of a Civilizations Advanced cities with large populations Complex/organized institutions (religion & government) New tools/technology Specialized workers Writing development/record keeping Hominids Early human-like creatures Australopithecus Very first hominid Homo Erectus ?Upright human? ? more advanced, used varied tools, first hominid to leave Africa for Europe/Asia Neanderthal Early humans who relied on stone tools and were the first to bury their dead Homo sapien sapien The first anatomically modern humans (wise, wise human being) Replaced Neanderthals Paleolithic Age ?Old Stone Age? early period of human history who made the first stone tools Hunters/Gatherers Nomadic/Followed animals

The Development and Interactions of Early Agricultural, Pastoral, and Urban Societies

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Asia

Indus Valley Civilisation

The Development and Interactions of Early Agricultural, Pastoral, and Urban Societies First civilizations (5,500-5,000 years ago) Civilizations should have An economic system A government A social system A moral or ethical belief system An intellectual tradition A high level of technology skill Core/Foundational civilizations and the first states (3500-2000BCE) Oldest civilizations on river systems in the Middle East, India, and China Mesopotamia Egypt Indus River Valley Shang China Olmec Chav?n *The first states & empires (states- expand by military conquest) origins are in these core/foundational civilizations* Mesopotamia (Greek- ?land between the waters?) Fertile Crescent- between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers Settlements (8000BCE) Large-scale agriculture (5000BCE)

Chapter 1 Stearns MCQ

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Geography of Asia

Asia

Geography of Iraqi Kurdistan

Tur Abdin

Upper Mesopotamia

River valley civilization

Neolithic Revolution

Human

1 Copyright ? 2011 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP Edition, 6e (Stearns) Chapter 1 From Human Prehistory to the Earliest Civilizations Multiple-Choice Questions 1) Hunting and gathering societies A) are not able to produce art. B) organize rather small groups into political units. C) could not survive after Middle Eastern people developed agriculture. D) generally produce a food surplus. Answer: B Page Ref: 2, 15-16 Topic: Human Life in the Era of Hunters and Gatherers Skill: Conceptual 2) The Paleolithic Age refers to A) the period at which agriculture was developed. B) the period in which simple stone tools were developed.

The Impact the Epic of Gilgamesh has Today

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English

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Asia

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Christian Rust Mr. Spence Honors English II 1st period March 6, 2013 The Impact the Epic of Gilgamesh has Today Although written thousands of years ago, the Epic of Gilgamesh, continues to be relevant to today?s questions that people are pondering about and examining when in fact the Sumerians were asking themselves some of those same questions and their answers to them were examined and written in the Epic of Gilgamesh. Teenagers foolish behavioral pattern are evident in the epic as well. This epic includes many realizations and answers that respond to some of today?s questions and still hold true today as they did thousands of years ago.

Syrian Protests

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Asia

Fertile Crescent

Syria

Politics

War

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Politics

Backgrounder for Syrian Protests (Security Council) Decades of living under oppressive dictatorships has led the people of the Middle East Arab world to rise up and stake their claim for democracy. The Middle East Arab nations are in unprecedented turmoil. The most recent, as well as the bloodiest, the ongoing Syria uprising is yet another result of a country of the Middle Eastern oppressed by a dictating government. The protest

The Earth and its Peoples ch 3 outline

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