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Protestantism

Traditions & Encounters: Chapter 24 Notes

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CHAPTER 24: THE TRANSFORMATION OF EUROPE --- MARTIN LUTHER / LUTHERANISM 1517, posted 95 Theses on church door ? started Protestant Reformation ?Denounced sale of indulgences of Roman Catholic church? Became popular because of printing press ? spread his work farther than before ? beginning of Lutheranism [belief that faith should lead to heaven] ANGLICANISM England King Henry VIII wanted to divorce wife > Roman Catholic Pope said no > VIII made a new church with him at the top but everything was same 1560, England left Roman Catholicism CALVINISM Made by John Calvin 1530s Believed that people should go into heaven only if theyre predestined CATHOLIC REFORMATION Council of Trent + Society of Jesus Meant to: clarify differences between Catholicism + Protestants

Reformation

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Calvin and Institutions Calvin dids: synthesis creates system of practice (new ins. of Protestant reformed church) Institutional Purpose: STOP farther change Ex: today- public education (way of doing school) In Protestant: constant state of change Before Calvin: change After Calvin: very little change Synth: this is a complete system can?t change Set example with Geneva System that produces same thing over and over English Reformation Henry VIII Idea: matter of state; ALL political Evidence Requested an annul, denied for pope Succession of acts by parliament Dissolved monasteries Gave to low prices to key members Parliament Have parliament in favor of separating from church Retained tradition of Catholic To what extent was the English Church Protestant?

The Age of Dissent and Division, 1500–1600

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Kinberg, Nicholas Michael Chakmakian AP European History 6 May 2015 Chapter 3 Outline Dissent/Division, 1500 ? 1600 1500, Euro's econ. Was expo'ing., cities were growing, monarchs ofFrance, England, Spain, Scotland, Poland were est.; pop. Was increasing, gov't's were extending ctrl. Euros embarked on colonial expo.; papacy pursued territorial wars in Italy, Church weathered Avignon captivity/Great Schism Heresies were suppressed; in struggle over conciliarism, papacy won support from all Euro rulers, relegated conciliarists to isolation at Uni. Of Paris Devotion of Christians was strong/parish a crucial site of community ID Edu. Standards of parish clergy were higher than ever, reformersnoted that too many priests were ignorant of spiritual duties

The Transformation of Europe

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Kinberg, Nicholas Michael Chakmakian AP World History 5 August 2015 Chapter 23 Outline Transformation of Euro 1517, German monk challenged Church Martin Luther of Wittenberg denouncedsale of indulgences, pardon that excused ppl. From doing penance for sins/also facilitated entry into heaven Indulgences were available >11th, to raise funds for reconstruction of St. Peter?s basilica in Rome, Church marketed indulgences in 16th Luther thought indulgences were signs of greed/hypocrisy Despised church: no human had power to absolve ppl. Of sins 10/1517, offered debate, denounced indulgences inNinety-Five Theses Copies were available in all Euro Galvanized opinion among those who resented Church

Reformation Concepts and Understanding

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Reformation Concepts and Understanding AP Euro ? Questions 1.?MAIN IDEA/QUESTION: Why would the Reformation begin in a Northern European region, NOT in Italy, the ?home? of humanism? The focus of Italian humanism was secular humanism, or gaining knowledge and development as an individual. The focus on Northern Humanism was the reform and better understanding of the Church and Bible. The Northerners would have had more response time to the Church in Rome and thus would have had more time in turn to respond to the Catholics. To help you get there? A. Who were the Brothers and Sisters of the Common Life? B. What famous people of the period had studied there? C. What were their contributions or impacts?

Traditions and Encounters Chapter 24 Test Bank

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CHAPTER 24 TEST QUESTIONS MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Luther?s initial stimulus for formulating the Ninety-Five Theses was a. his excommunication from the Roman Catholic church. b. the sale of indulgences. * c. his time spent in England during the English Reformation. d. the turmoil caused by having two popes during the Great Schism. e. the influence of John Calvin. (p. 631) 2. The author of the Ninety-Five Theses was a. John Calvin. b. Erasmus. c. Voltaire. d. Martin Luther. * e. Henry VIII. (p. 631) 3. The Catholic church dramatically pushed the sale of indulgences in the sixteenth century because of the a. need to match the resurgence of the Byzantine empire. b. threat posed by Islam. c. need for Henry VIII to pay off the national debt.

Martin Luther Edict of Worms primary document

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English 233: Introduction to Western Humanities ? Baroque & Enlightenment Martin Luther: Excerpts from his account of the confrontation at the Diet of Worms (1521) [The translation is from H.C. Bettenson, Documents of the Christian Church (1903), based on Luther's Opera Latina (Frankfurt, 1865-73] Background. In 1520, Pope Leo X issued a bull of excommunication against Luther. He directed the Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation to execute it. Charles V, however, was reluctant to take this step. Only 21 years old at the time, Charles had only at great expense and with much diplomacy managed to get himself elected Emperor in 1519. He was reluctant to alienate the German princes, many of whom were

Understanding of Puritans

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Background of Puritanism 1620 - William Bradford came with a group of individuals from Europe and formed Plymouth Plantation. In the Fall of 1620 there were 101 men, women, and children present. By the Spring of 1621 there were only 50 survivors. 1628 - John Winthrop and followers came over from Europe in order to establish a ?pure? religious movement. The Puritans believed in the innate depravity of man. They also believed that some people were ?predestined? to experience an afterlife with God. Only the ?elect? or ?chosen? were in a good relationship with God. The Puritans believed that God was working in their daily lives. The Puritans would ?search? their daily lives in order to find any symbols from God.

American Literature in 17th Century

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American literature American literature,?the body of written works produced in the English language in the United States. Like other national literatures, American literature was shaped by the history of the country that produced it. For almost a century and a half, America was merely a group of colonies scattered along the eastern seaboard of the North American continent?colonies from which a few hardy souls tentatively ventured westward. After a successful rebellion against the motherland, America became the United States, a nation. By the end of the 19th century this nation extended southward to the Gulf of Mexico, northward to the 49th parallel, and westward to the Pacific. By the end of the 19th century, too, it had taken its place among the powers of the

Chapter 5

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Chapter 5 IDs (Colonial Society on the Eve of Revolution, 1700-1775) Scots-Irish A group of immigrants from the Scottish lowlands who inhabited the frontier. Paxton Boys Scots-Irish protestors against lenience towards the natives. De Crevecoeur Settler who painted America as a melting pot, asking what ?American? meant. ?jayle birds? Paupers and prisoners who had been involuntarily forced into the colonies. Molasses Act (1733) A law attempting to throttle American trade with other nations, which failed. Anglican Church The English state church, established in the south and middle. More worldly than the Congregational. Congregational Church

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