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Chlorine

AP Chemistry MIDTERM review A

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Chemical elements
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Chlorine

Which element is most commonly found as a negatively charged ion? Ne - 0 Li - +1 Al - +3 Cl - -1 Ca - +2 A 100 Which element is isoelectronic with Mg2+ Ne Li Al Cl Ca A 200 Isoelectronic elements have the same electron configurations ? that means they must have the same number of electrons Which element is found as a diatomic gas in its uncombined state? Ne Li Al Cl Ca A 300 You have memorized the diatomic gases: H, O, N, Cl, Br, I, F. Make a study card for these if you need to review and re-memorize! A 400 A 500
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Nomenclature - Notes

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ions
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Oxide
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Chlorine
Cobalt
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IUPAC nomenclature of inorganic chemistry

Chemical Nomenclature Review Chemical Formulas Identify a compound. Use subscripts to tell how many of each element. Subscript outside of ( ) distributes only to the elements inside of the ( ). Ions Are charged particles: protons ? electrons Types of Ions Cations (metals) positive charge after LOSING electron(s) Anions (nonmetals) negative charge after GAINING electron(s). Monotomic: formed from a single atom. Polyatomic: formed from more than one type of atom. Ions ATOM Chlorine Bromine Sulfur Oxygen Iodine ION Chloride Bromide Sulfide Oxide Iodide Types of Nomenclature Based on First Element!!! Type I: Metal / Non-metal Type II: Transition Metal / Non-metal Type III: Non-metal / Non-metal Example - Metal is from Groups 1, 2 or 13 Type 1

Bob Jones PPT Notes -- Chapter 8d

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Salt metathesis reaction
Single displacement reaction
Hydrogen chloride
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Chlorine

Types of Reactions Types of Reactions There are four types of reactions. Synthesis Decomposition Single replacement Double replacement Occurs when two substances unite Synthesis A + B AB Synthesis 2 Mg + O2 2 MgO magnesium(element) oxygen(element) magnesium oxide(compound) 4 Occurs when a substance splits into parts Decomposition AB A + B Decomposition hydrogen(element) oxygen(element) water(compound) 2 H2O 2 H2 + O2 6 Occurs when a more active substance replaces one part of a compound that is less active Single Replacement Y X + X Y Z Z + Single Replacement hydrogen(element) potassiumhydroxide(compound) water(compound) potassium(element) 2 K + 2 H2O H2 + 2 KOH 8 These reactions are also called displacement or substitution reactions. Single Replacement

Bob Jones PPT Notes -- Chapter 8c

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Element-reactant-product table
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education

Writing Equations Chemical Equations Math equations show equalities. Chemical equations show processes (one chemical changes to another chemical). A Chemical Equation Must: Identify all the substances involved. Show the composition of the substances (use formulas). A Chemical Equation Must: Account for all the atoms. (There must be the same number of atoms of every element on both sides of the equation.) Parts of an Equation Reactants Products Coefficients Arrow Example reactants Ca(HCO3)2 + Ca(OH)2 2 H2O + 2 CaCO3 products The ?2? is a coefficient to tell how many molecules of each compound are present. What tells you how many atoms of an element are in a molecule? Symbol Subscript Coefficient Catalyst Question 7 Special Symbols in Equations g?: A gas was produced.

hi

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Chlorine

Chemistry Final Review Guide 2012 The 1st Section on the final will be metric conversions, significant figures, and scientific notation. The 2nd Section on the final will be multiple choice questions. There will be 40 of them and they will cover vocabulary and basic chemistry questions. The BEST way to study for this section would be to gather all old chemistry tests and review all of the multiple choice questions The 3rd Section will be calculations split into 3 parts. Part A will focus on writing chemical equations from word equations, balancing them, and then stating what type of reaction it is. For example: 1. Solid aluminum reacts with oxygen gas to produce aluminum oxide.
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