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Biological membrane

The Endomembrane system

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Biology
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The Endomembrane system Organelle recap? Ribosomes Ribosomes: a complex of ribosomal RNA (rRNA, synthesised in the nucleolus) and proteins Ribosomes carry out protein synthesis in: The cystol/plasm (free ribosomes) On the outside of the rough endoplasmic reticulum Free ribosomes make proteins used within the cell e.g. enzymes Bound ribosomes make proteins which are often secreted e.g insulin made in pancreatic cells Endoplasmic reticulum Form Accounts for more than half of the total membrane in many eukaryotic cells The ER membrane is continuous with the nuclear envelope There are two distinct regions of ER: Smooth ER: lacks ribosomes Rough ER: ribosomes are bound to the outer membrane Functions: Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Membrane Structure and Function

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Biology
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Membrane biology
Cell membrane
Lipid bilayer
Membrane transport
Membrane protein
Facilitated diffusion
Biological membrane
Carrier protein
Exocytosis
Active transport
Semipermeable membrane
health

Chapter 7 Membrane Structure and Function Overview: Life at the Edge the plasma membrane is the boundary that separates the living cell from its nonliving surroundings selectively permeable: allows some substances to cross it more easily than others Concept 7.1: Cellular membranes are fluid mosaics of lipids and proteins a phospholipid is an amphipathic molecule, meaning it has both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions head composed of phosphate group attached to one carbon of glycerol two fatty acid tails are hydrophobic in the fluid mosaic model, the membrane is a fluid structure with a ?mosaic? of various proteins embedded in or attached to a bilayer of phospholipids Membrane Models: Scientific Inquiry phospholipids are the most abundant lipid in the plasma membrane

Campbell Biology Chapter 7 Outline

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Cell membrane
Lipid bilayer
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Semipermeable membrane
Biological membrane
Facilitated diffusion
Carrier protein
Passive transport
Osmosis
health

Mica Piro Chapter 7: Membrane Structure & Function Selective permeability: the plasma membrane allows some substances to cross it more easily than others Cellular Membranes are Fluid Mosaics of Lipids and Proteins (7.1) The ability of phospholipids to form membranes is inherent in their molecular structure?a phospholipid is an amphipathic molecule (has both a hydrophilic region and a hydrophobic region) A phospholipid bilayer can exist as a stable boundary between 2 aqueous compartments because the molecular arrangement shelters the hydrophobic tails of the phospholipids from water while exposing the hydrophilic heads to the water Most membrane proteins are amphipathic

AP BIO Chapter 07

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Biology
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Membrane biology
Cell membrane
Lipid bilayer
Membrane potential
Osmosis
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Lipid raft
Red blood cell
Biological membrane
Semipermeable membrane
Membrane protein
health

Campbell's Biology, 9e (Reece et al.) Chapter 7 Membrane Structure and Function Membranes and membrane transport are fundamental to cellular life. The concepts in this chapter require integration of concepts from previous chapters: the nature of water and hydrophobic versus hydrophilic molecules, the properties of lipid molecules and their role in regulating membrane fluidity, and the roles of proteins and carbohydrates in membrane function. The concepts of ion transport and electrochemical gradients across membranes are important foundations for the following chapters on energy metabolism. Finally, the bulk transport phenomena have important clinical significance in the immune system, during invasion by pathogens, and in cell signaling. Multiple-Choice Questions

AP BIO CHP 7 CAMPBELL BIOLOGY 9e

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Cell membrane
Lipid bilayer
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Osmosis
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Lipid raft
Red blood cell
Biological membrane
Semipermeable membrane
Membrane protein
health
behavior
Human development
Interpersonal relationships
Love
Psychoanalysis
Human behavior
Personal life
Attachment theory
Evolutionary biology
Technology

Campbell's Biology, 9e (Reece et al.) Chapter 7 Membrane Structure and Function Membranes and membrane transport are fundamental to cellular life. The concepts in this chapter require integration of concepts from previous chapters: the nature of water and hydrophobic versus hydrophilic molecules, the properties of lipid molecules and their role in regulating membrane fluidity, and the roles of proteins and carbohydrates in membrane function. The concepts of ion transport and electrochemical gradients across membranes are important foundations for the following chapters on energy metabolism. Finally, the bulk transport phenomena have important clinical significance in the immune system, during invasion by pathogens, and in cell signaling. Multiple-Choice Questions

AP BIO CHP 6 CAMPBELL BIOLOGY 9e

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Biology
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organelles
Endomembrane system
cell
Eukaryote
Golgi apparatus
mitochondrion
Vesicle
Lysosome
Biological membrane
Cytoplasm
plant cell
health
behavior
Human development
Interpersonal relationships
Love
Psychoanalysis
Human behavior
Personal life
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Technology

Campbell's Biology, 9e (Reece et al.) Chapter 6 A Tour of the Cell

Campbell AP Bio Study Guide Chapter 7

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Biology
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Biology
Membrane biology
Cell membrane
Lipid bilayer
Membrane potential
Osmosis
Facilitated diffusion
Lipid raft
Red blood cell
Biological membrane
Semipermeable membrane
Membrane protein
health
behavior
Human development
Interpersonal relationships
Love
Psychoanalysis
Human behavior
Attachment theory
Evolutionary biology
Personal life
Technology

Campbell's Biology, 9e (Reece et al.) Chapter 7 Membrane Structure and Function Membranes and membrane transport are fundamental to cellular life. The concepts in this chapter require integration of concepts from previous chapters: the nature of water and hydrophobic versus hydrophilic molecules, the properties of lipid molecules and their role in regulating membrane fluidity, and the roles of proteins and carbohydrates in membrane function. The concepts of ion transport and electrochemical gradients across membranes are important foundations for the following chapters on energy metabolism. Finally, the bulk transport phenomena have important clinical significance in the immune system, during invasion by pathogens, and in cell signaling. Multiple-Choice Questions

Campbell AP Bio Study Guide Chapter 6

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Biology
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Biology
organelles
Endomembrane system
cell
Eukaryote
Golgi apparatus
mitochondrion
Vesicle
Lysosome
Biological membrane
Cytoplasm
plant cell
health
behavior
Human development
Interpersonal relationships
Love
Psychoanalysis
Human behavior
Attachment theory
Evolutionary biology
Personal life
Technology

Campbell's Biology, 9e (Reece et al.) Chapter 6 A Tour of the Cell

Cellular signaling and the cell membrane

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Cell Biology
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Cell Signaling
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Signal transduction
Biological membrane
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Chapter 5: Membrane Transport and Cell Signaling Amphiphatic- refers to something that has both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions the cell membrane proteins Fluidity Low Temperatures-less fluid because the phospholipids pack together tightly Factors that Affect Fluidity: Amount of phospholipids- phospholipids have kinks in the tails due to their hydrogen bonds which make them harder to pack Cholesterol- inhibits the packing of the phospholipid tails at LOW TEMPERATURE. AT HIGH TEMPERATURE, it solidifies the membrane because it inhibits the movement of tails Proteins in the Membrane Intergal-penetrate the membrane, hydrophobic exterior, hydrophilic interior Peripheral-lie on either side of the membrane Major Protein Functions: -Transport-allows materials to diffuse

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