Biogeochemical cycle

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Water Cycle: The water cycle describes the existence and movement of water on, in, and above the Earth. Earth's water is always in movement and is always changing states, from liquid to vapor to ice and back again. The water cycle has been working for billions of years and all life on Earth depends on it continuing to work; the Earth would be a pretty stale place without it. The water cycle has no starting point. But once the water is evaporated from its source (seas, oceans, ponds, lakes, etc.), it is taken to the atmosphere by vapor current. When the vapor is in the atmosphere the water condenses into the cloud and it falls back to the earth in the form of cloud particles. This is known as precipitation. Nitrogen Cycle:

Living in the Environment 16th Ed. : Ch.3 Key Terms

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Chapter 3 abiotic Two types of components make up the biosphere and its ecosystems: One type, called abiotic, consists of nonliving components such as water, air, nutrients, rocks, heat, and solar energy. aerobic respiration Producers, consumers, and decomposers use the chemical energy stored in glucose and other organic compounds to fuel their life processes. In most cells this energy is released by aerobic respiration, which uses oxygen to convert glucose (or other organic nutrient molecules) back into carbon dioxide and water. anaerobic respiration, or fermentation Some decomposers get the energy they need by breaking down glucose (or other organic compounds) in the?absence?of oxygen. This form of cellular respiration is called anaerobic respiration, or fermentation.

Principles of Ecology

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Principles of Ecology Organisms and Their Environment What is Ecology? Ecology: the study of interactions that take place between organisms and their environment The Biosphere Biosphere: the part of Earth that supports life The biosphere includes the top portion of Earth?s crust, all the waters that cover Earth?s surface, and the atmosphere that surrounds Earth. The biosphere is made up of different environments that are home to different kinds of organisms. Ecosystem: all the living organisms living in an area and the nonliving features of their environment Biotic factors: living organisms in an ecosystem (ex. bison, grass, birds, insects) Abiotic factors: nonliving features of an ecosystem (ex. water, temperature, sunlight, soil, air) Levels of Organization

Cycles Notes

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matter

Trini Soza Mr. Miguelez APES, 5 10 December 2013 Cycles Questions Water It basically is what keeps an organism alive. The Hydrologic Cycle keeps the water movement going on, above and bellow the surface. There would be more groundwater since the tree roots are not there to absorb the rainfall, as well with a decrease in water evaporation. Logging takes a hit at the Hydrologic Cycle since trees play a crucial role in it. Not only does the fact that we cut down trees affect the cycle, but also one of the biggest effects we have is contamination. The contamination of oceans, rivers, lakes are damaging the quality of the water in the cycle. Carbon Dioxide - Respiration from animals - Organisms - Dissolved CO2 from ocean - Combustion of fossil fuels - Erosion - Volcanic reactions

Bio112 April 29th

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Bio 112

Bio 112 April 29th, 2013 More on Ecosystems Food webs -Is a branching food chain with complex trophic interactions -Including decomposes (detritevors) Energy Flow through Ecosystems -from one trophic level to the next. Primary production - are photoautotrophs, capturing energy from the sun. Energy flows from these guys through all other levels. Of course some energy will be lost at each level. -light energy converted to chemical energy by autorophs during a given time period. -Gross primary production is the total primary production. -Net primary production is GPP minus energy used by producers (respiration)-only this is available to consumers. NPP is more important then GPP. Secondary production

APES Midterm

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earth

Planetary atmospheres

Part A Directions: Each set of lettered choices below refers to the numbered questions or statements immediately following it. Select the one lettered choice that best answers each questions or best fits each statement and then fill in the corresponding oval on the answer sheet. A choice may be used one, more than once, or not at all in each set. ? Questions 1 and 2 refer to the following concepts relating to systems? Linear growth Feedback Loop Exponential growth Equilibrium Growth rate in which the amount doubles in a fixed unit of time. Change that tends to stabilize a system Questions 3-5 refer to the following biogeochemical cycles Carbon cycle Nitrogen cycle Hydrologic cycle Geological cycle Biogeochemical cycle

Chpt 4 powerpoint Miller 13th

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ECOSYSTEMS: COMPONENTS, ENERGY FLOW & MATTER CYCLING CHAPTER 4 ECOLOGY Study of the relationships between organisms and their environment How organisms interact with their nonliving environment such as sunlight, temperature, moisture, nutrients, etc. KEY WORK IS: INTERACT - Connections in Nature What is an organism? What make up organisms? Organisms are either: EUCARYOTIC - SURROUNDED BY A MEMBRANE HAVE A DISTINCT NUCLEUS HAVE INTERNAL ORGANELLES All organisms except bacteria. PROCARYOTIC - SURROUNDED BY A MEMBRANE NO DISTINCT NUCLEUS NO INTERNAL PARTS SURROUNDED BY MEMBRANES Bacteria What is a SPECIES? How do species differ? What is the difference between sexual and asexual reproduction? Number of species on earth is not known 5 million to 100 million maybe

APES CHAPTER 4

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Soil

Exam 4 review sheet Chapter 3 Hydro cycle Solar energy heats Earth, and causes evaporation Evaporated water condenses into clouds Water returns to Earth as precipitation Precipitation falling on land is taken up by plants, runs off along the land surface, or percolates into the soil and enters the groundwater Carbon cycle Carbon is the most important element in living organisms makes up 20 percent of total body weight. Produces convert CO2 into sugars Sugars are converted back into CO2 Some carbon can be buried Human extraction of fossil fuels brings carbon to Earth?s surface, where it can be combusted C02 in the atmosphere and CO2 dissolved in water are constantly exchanged Combustion converts fossil fuels and plant material into CO2 Nitrogen cycle

APES CHAPTER 4

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Soil

Exam 4 review sheet Chapter 3 Hydro cycle Solar energy heats Earth, and causes evaporation Evaporated water condenses into clouds Water returns to Earth as precipitation Precipitation falling on land is taken up by plants, runs off along the land surface, or percolates into the soil and enters the groundwater Carbon cycle Carbon is the most important element in living organisms makes up 20 percent of total body weight. Produces convert CO2 into sugars Sugars are converted back into CO2 Some carbon can be buried Human extraction of fossil fuels brings carbon to Earth?s surface, where it can be combusted C02 in the atmosphere and CO2 dissolved in water are constantly exchanged Combustion converts fossil fuels and plant material into CO2 Nitrogen cycle

Chapter 3 APES notes

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