Systems ecology

environmental science

plants

Ecological succession

Ecology Study Guide Chapter 51 Animal behavior is anything to do with animals and they way they function and reproduce. Proximate cause is the immediate trigger for a behavior. For example, if a zebra is drinking at a water hole, and all of a sudden it hears another zebra nearby make an alarm call, it may stop drinking immediately and start running away instead. The proximate cause of the zebra running away would be the alarm call. But the ultimate cause, or real reason why the zebra is running is survival. It is running away because it wants to survive. The alarm call is not the source of danger, but the alarm call alerts the zebra that danger, such as a lion, may be nearby and the lion can threaten the zebra's chance to survive.

Tropical Rain Forest

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Geological history of Earth

Tropical rainforest

Canopy

Abiotic component

Tropical Rain Forest Biome By: Sowmya Gannavaram Biome Description My Biome is a Tropical Rainforest. This is a very nice biome. It has many animals, plants, and wildlife. The Rainforest is one of the most unique biomes in the world. This would be a great place to go for people who like to see nature and like warm weather. You will now learn about this amazing biome. Where can Tropical Rainforests be found? Most Tropical Rainforests are found along the Equator. They are mostly in Central America, Africa, Madagascar, West Coast of India, Malaysia, Southeast Asia, New Guinea, Queensland, and Australia. There are only 12 hours of daylight. Climate Description? The climate in the Tropical Rainforest, is very hot and wet.

Living in the Environment 16th Ed. : Ch.3 Key Terms

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Chapter 3 abiotic Two types of components make up the biosphere and its ecosystems: One type, called abiotic, consists of nonliving components such as water, air, nutrients, rocks, heat, and solar energy. aerobic respiration Producers, consumers, and decomposers use the chemical energy stored in glucose and other organic compounds to fuel their life processes. In most cells this energy is released by aerobic respiration, which uses oxygen to convert glucose (or other organic nutrient molecules) back into carbon dioxide and water. anaerobic respiration, or fermentation Some decomposers get the energy they need by breaking down glucose (or other organic compounds) in the?absence?of oxygen. This form of cellular respiration is called anaerobic respiration, or fermentation.

AP Environmental Science Ch.1 outline

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earth

Environmental social science

Environmental economics

Ecosystem services

ecosystem

sustainability

Environmental movement

biodiversity

Christian Boujaoude August 13, 2014 Period 10 AP Environmental Science Chapter 1: Studying the State of Our Earth I. The Mysterious Neuse River Fish Killer A. Pfiesteria 1. Emits a potent toxin that quickly kills fish 2. Could have up to 24 life stages a. Carnivorous stage b. Free floating amoeba c. Protective casing and able to remain dormant 3. The discovery of Pfiesteria in North Carolina Rivers created panic among the areas recreation and fishing industries 4. Many investigators were very skeptical and even thought that Pfiesteria didn?t produce toxins at all 5. Pfiesteria shows that releasing waste material into a river can affect the environment in complex and unexpected ways 6. Also displays how controversial how environmental science can be

Communities and Biomes

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Forests

Wetland

Tropical rainforest

Savanna

Chapter 3 Communities and Biomes Communities Life in a Community Limiting factor: any biotic or abiotic factor that restricts the existence, numbers, reproduction, or distribution of organisms. Tolerance: the ability of an organism to withstand fluctuations in biotic and abiotic environmental factors Succession: Changes over Time Succession: the orderly, natural changes and species replacements that take place in the communities of an ecosystem Succession occurs in stages. At each stage, different species of plants and animals may be present. Primary succession: the colonization of barren land by communities of organisms The first species to take hold in an area like this are called pioneer species.

Chapter 3 Notes

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Primary production

Ecological efficiency

Terrestrial ecosystem

Photosynthesis

Nutrient cycle

Chapter 3 Notes Ecosystem Boundaries Biotic and abiotic components of an ecosystem provide the boundaries that separates them from one another Some have a well-defined boundaries: Like a cave Scientist might define a terrestrial ecosystem as the range of a particular species of interest Ecosystems occur in a wide range of sizes Ecosystem Process Each ecosystem interacts with surrounding ecosystems Change in ONE ecosystem can affect the global environment Photosynthesis and Respiration Nearly all of the energy that powers ecosystems comes from the sun Plants, algae and other organisms have the ability to convert the suns solar energy to usable from of energy, these are called producers/autotrophs

Ecosystem Services

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Soil

Ecological restoration

Seed

Ecosystem Services Definition: Conditions and processes through which natural ecosystems, and the species that make them up, sustain and fulfill human life. Some Services: Purification of air and water Mitigations of floods and droughts Detoxification and decomposition of waste products Generation and renewal of soil and soil fertility Pollination of crops and natural vegetation Control of the vast majority of potential agricultural pests Dispersal of seeds and translocation of nutrients Maintenance of biodiversity, from which humanity has derived key elements of its agricultural, medical and industrial enterprise Protection from the sun?s harmful rays Partial stabilization of climate Moderation of temperature extremes and the force of winds and water

succession

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Ecological succession

Terminology

7.1 Succession Ecological succession is the directional change in the composition of species that occupy a given area through time: it involves initial colonization and establishment of pioneer plant species, followed by their replacement with other species until a relatively stable community is formed. Ecosystems are made up of all the interacting biotic (food availability, competition and predation)and abiotic (non-biological environment ? pH, temperature, rainfall and humidity)factors in a particular area within which there are a number of communities of organisms. Ecosystems constantly change, Succession is the term used to describe these changes, over time, in the species that occupy a particular area. A sere (seral stage) is the series of stages in succession.

Biology

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Science

AP Biology Reading Guide Chapter 52 An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere Fred and Theresa Holtzclaw Copyright ? 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. - 1 - Name________________________________ Period___________ Chapter 52: An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere Overview 1. What is ecology? 2. Study Figure 52.2. It shows the different levels of the biological hierarchy studied by ecologists. Notice also the different types of questions that might be studied by an ecologist at each level of study. Use this figure to define or explain the following terms: organismal ecology population population ecology community community ecology ecosystem ecosystem ecology landscape ecology biosphere global ecology

Chapter 3 section 3 Powerpoint

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