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Mind

Themes & Variations: Chapter 3

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Psychology
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anatomy
Biology
Mind
nervous system
Neuroanatomy
Neurophysiology
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neuroscience
Neuron
brain
Autonomic nervous system
Stress
health

BRAIN & NERVOUS SYSTEM Nervous System: Peripheral: Somatic Nervous System: Afferent-Goes to CNS (BRAIN) Efferent-Goes away from the CNS (BRAIN) Autonomic Nervous System: automates your heart, lungs, and glands Sympathetic-output?of energy during times of stress [GO] Parasympathetic-conserves?bodily resources [BREAK] Structure: Neurons-basic unit of the nervous system; receive, integrate, transmit Glia- support, nourish insulate? Can also transmit. VERY MINOR ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?Neuron: ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? MAIN 3 PARTS: Dendrite-takes information TO the cell body Cell Body-maintenance-keeps it alive Axon-takes the information AWAY from the neuron (highway of the nervous system) terminal button-small knob that secrete NEURO CHEMICALS Neuro chemicals-stored by synapse

Names of Psychologists

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Psychology
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Mind
Psychology
behavior
Mental processes
Psychotherapy
Clinical psychology
Psychometrics
Behavioural sciences
Alfred Binet
Hypnosis
Sigmund Freud
Dream

Psychologists Alfred Adler Neo-Freudian but disagreed with Freud?s emphasis on the unconscious, instinctual drives, and the importance of sexuality and had a more positive view Believed we are social creatures governed by social urges, we strive for superiority Talked about how people attempt to compensate for their shortcomings Mary Ainsworth Secure attachment- stable and positive Anxious-Ambivalent- desire to be with a parent and some resistance to being reunited Avoidant- tendency to avoid reunion with parent Gordon Allport Trait Theorist Central- the core traits that characterize an individual personality Secondary- traits that are inconsistent or relatively superficial Cardinal- so basic that all of a person?s activities relate to it Solomon Asch

Main AP Psychology Topics

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Psychology
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behavior
Psychology
Mind
Behavioural sciences
Social Psychology
motivation
Personality psychology
Behaviorism
Cognition
Aggression
Psychotherapy
Lev Vygotsky
health
outlines

2013 main ideas I. History and Approaches (2?4%) Psychology has evolved markedly since its inception as a discipline in 1879. There have been significant changes in the theories that psychologists use to explain behavior and mental processes. In addition, the methodology of psychological research has expanded to include a diversity of approaches to data gathering. students should be able to do the following: ? Recognize how philosophical perspectives shaped the development of psychological thought. ? Describe and compare different theoretical approaches in explaining behavior: ? structuralism, functionalism, and behaviorism in the early years; ? Gestalt, psychoanalytic/psychodynamic, and humanism emerging later;

Psychology: Themes and Variations by Wayne Weiten, 8th edition chapter 8 definitions

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Psychology
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cognitive science
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Problem solving
intelligence
Bounded rationality
Heuristic
Decision making
Rationality
cogition and intelligence

Chapter 8 Cognition and Intelligence Glossary Availability heuristic Basing the estimated probability of an event on the ease with which relevant instances come to mind. Bounded rationality The idea that people tend to use simple strategies in decision making that focus on only a few facets of available options and often result in ?irrational? decisions that are less than optimal. See Theory of bounded rationality. Conjunction fallacy An error that occurs when people estimate that the odds of two uncertain events happening together are greater than the odds of either event happening alone. Convergent thinking Narrowing down a list of alternatives to converge on a single correct answer. Correlation coefficient

Psychology: Themes and Variations by Wayne Weiten, 8th edition definitions

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Psychology
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Mind
memory
cognitive science
Mental processes
Recall
Long-term memory
Episodic memory
Anterograde amnesia
Semantic memory
Encoding
Amnesia
Forgetting
health
Technology
Human Memory

Chapter 7: Human Memory Definitions Amnesia Loss of memories for events that occur after a head injury. See Anterograde amnesia, Retrograde amnesia. Anterograde amnesia Loss of memories for events that occur after a head injury. Attention Focusing awareness on a narrowed range of stimuli or events. Chunk A group of familiar stimuli stored as a single unit. Connectionist models Models of memory that assume cognitive processes depend on patterns of activation in highly interconnected computational networks that resemble neural networks. Also called connectionist models.. See Parallel distributed processing (PDP) models. Consolidation A hypothetical process involving the gradual conversion of information into durable memory codes stored in long-term memory.

the basic nature of personality consists of three mental structures, id, ego and superego.

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Psychoanalysis
Freudian psychology
Behavior
Narcissism
Egoism
Id, ego and super-ego
Psychodynamics
Freud
Superego Podcast
Attachment theory
Personality development
Defence mechanism
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Psychoanalysis
Freudian psychology
Mind
Narcissism
Psychoanalytic theory
Personality
Id, ego and super-ego
Sigmund Freud
Defence mechanism
freud
Guilt
Personality development
id
ego and superego.

Gary Borden November 10, 2012 PY3150 Week 8 According to Freud, the basic nature of personality consists of three mental structures, id, ego and superego. ID, in summary, according to Freud, is the source of all psychic energy, the primary component of personality. ID is the only component of personality that is present at birth. An example of ID I found while researching: ID as an increase in hunger or thirst should produce an immediate attempt to eat or drink. The id is very important early in life, because it ensures that an infant's needs are met. If the infant is hungry or uncomfortable, he or she will cry until the demands of the id are met.

AP Biology Notes on Animal Behavior

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Biology
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Behavior
Ethology
Zoology
Fixed action pattern
Stereotypy
Bird migration
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behavior
Ethology
Behaviorism
learning
Mind
Operant conditioning
Foraging
Aggression
Habituation
Fixed action pattern
Dog
classical conditioning
AP Biology; Animal Behavior

Unit 16 - Animal Behavior List of Terms Fixed Action Pattern (FAP): innate, highly stereotypic behavior, that must be finished even if it is utterly useless. Initiated by external stimuli called sign stimuli e.g. stickleback fish attack other males (which have a red belly) who enter their territory if the stimuli are exchanged between the same species, it?s called a releaser Migration Animals migrate in response to external stimuli e.g. changes in day length, precipitation, temperature environment also gives cues for navigation Some animals track their position relative to sun Animals monitor changes in position of sun against internal circadian clock to tell where they are Nocturnal animals use the North star, which has a fixed position Pigeons use the magnetic field of the earth

AP Psychology Semester Two

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Psychology
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Psychiatry
Mind
Mental health
Abnormal psychology
Anxiety
Major depressive disorder
Eating disorder
Generalized anxiety disorder
Dopamine
Anorexia nervosa
Bipolar disorder
Stress
Health
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Psychiatry
Mind
Mental health
Abnormal Psychology
Clinical psychology
Major depressive disorder
Anxiety
Cognitive behavioral therapy
Personality disorder
Generalized anxiety disorder
Anorexia nervosa
Mental disorder
health
ap psychology

Motivation: need to desire that energizes and directs behavior. Feelings or ideas that cause us to act towards a goal Theories of Motivations 1) Instincts & Evolutionary Psychology -> fixed behavior pattern; complex, enhanced behavior patterns of a species 2) Drives & Incentives Drive Reduction Theory -> behavior motivated by biological needs, such as hunger, sex, sleep and thirst. The need activates a drive which motivates to eat, drink, sleep, etc. Overall, the body seeks to maintain homeostasis. Drive: aroused, motivated state. Overimpluse to act in a way to satisfy psychological need Secondary Drive: learned drives (i.e money) Incentive Theory: extrinsic reward ->incentive is an environment stimulus that motivates behavior. We are drawn to incentives because of learning.

AP Psychology Semester One

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Psychology
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Science
Philosophy
Ethology
Fellows of the Royal Society
Evolutionary psychology
Philosophical anthropology
Criminology
Charles Darwin
The Blank Slate
Tabula rasa
Phrenology
Survival of the fittest
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Mind
cognitive science
Psychology
Mental processes
Neuropsychological assessment
Educational psychology
memory
Cognition
Dream
Consciousness
Sleep
brain
health
ap psychology

Chapter 1- Thinking Critically 1. Phrenology: A theory that claimed bumps on the skull could reveal our mental abilities and our character traits. 2. Historical figures: - John Locke ("blank slate"): Believed that the at birth the mind was a blank slate, and that our brains grew and developed based on our experiences. The blank slate idea was called the ?tabular-raza? - Charles Darwin (evolution/adaptations): survival of the fittest - Wilhelm Wundt (structuralism and ?father? of psychology): Interested in studying people?s mental experiences. He used a method known as ?introspection? which had subjects engage in self-examination and describe their conscious experiences such as thinking feeling and perceiving.

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