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Chapter 2 Test Bank AP Bio

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Biology
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Valence

Campbell's Biology, 9e (Reece et al.) Chapter 2 The Chemical Context of Life This chapter presents basic chemical principles for understanding the chemical context of living organisms, from atomic structure to the nature of chemical bonds and an introduction to chemical equilibrium. These questions focus on elements most important to life or the study of life, including the elements that comprise organic molecules and important trace elements. Some isotopes are important in geologic dating and in biological tracer studies. How elements participate in forming different types of chemical bonds is essential to mastering subsequent topics on the behavior and properties of biological molecules, structures, and energy metabolism. Multiple-Choice Questions

formal charge lewis structures

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Lewis structure
Formal charge
Resonance
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Worksheet
Structure

Name ______________________________ In this activity we will learn how to draw Lewis structures, calculate formal charge and examine resonance. We will also observe the Octet rule and exceptions to this rule. AP Chem. Lewis Dot Structure Worksheet Write Lewis Dot Structures and calculate the formal charges for the following compounds: 1. SO2 18. H2O2 CO3-2 19. C2H6 NH3 20. CH3OH CH4 21. C2H4 H2 22. C4H10 HF 23. C2H5OH H2O 24. ClO- N2 25. H2S2 HCl 26. HNO3 H2S 27. H2SO4 PF3 28. CH3NO2 CH3COOH 29. C2H2 NH4+ 30. ClO2- NO2- 31. PO4-3 SO4-2 32. CO NO2+ 33. CO2 OH- Formal Charge

Chem

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Geometry
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Nucleons
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Neutron

Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons Practice Worksheet Fill in the blanks in the following worksheet. Please keep in mind that the isotope represented by each space may NOT be the most common isotope or the one closest in atomic mass to the value on the periodic table. Atomic symbol Atomic number Protons Neutrons Electrons Atomic mass B 6 11 24 31 37 39 89 29 35 43 100 Pb 207 102 70 89 225 Mo 53 81 206 100 159 No 261 Yb 172 106 159 Finding Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons of Elements

Holt Earth Science Chapter 12, Section 12.3

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Dating With Radioactivity It is possible to measure numerical values for the age of Earth?s geologic activities - in billions and millions of years - by using radiometric dating. A. Reviewing Basic Atomic Structure An atom has a nucleus with protons (positive) and neutrons (proton+electron combined = neutral) orbited by electrons (negative charge). Atomic Number = number of protons in the nucleus; each element?s Atomic Number differs. Atoms of the same element have the same number of protons. 99.9% of an atom?s mass is in the nucleus - electrons have hardly any mass. By adding together the number of protons and neutrons, the atomic mass of an atom is obtained. The number of neutrons varies (called isotopes; have different atomic masses).

Periodic Table Notes

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Halogen

Trends: 1. Across? ?the? ?period ? There? ?is? ?a? ?general? ?decrease? ?in? ?atomic? ?radius? ?across? ?the? ?period. - Across? ?a? ?period,? ?proton? ?number? ?increases? ?and? ?electrons? ?are? ?being? ?added? ?to? ?the? ?same? ?outermost principal? ?quantum? ?shell - Forces? ?of? ?attraction? ?between? ?the? ?valence? ?electron? ?and? ?nucleus? ?increases? ?as? ?nucleus? ?becomes more? ?positively? ?charged - Distance? ?between? ?the? ?valence? ?electron? ?and? ?nucleus? ?decreases. 2. Down? ?the? ?group ? There? ?is? ?a? ?general? ?increase? ?in? ?atomic? ?radius? ?down? ?the? ?group - Number? ?of? ?filled? ?principal? ?quantum? ?shell? ?increases

Chemistry Study Guide

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Chemistry Final Study Guide Chapter 1- Matter and Change Chemistry - is the study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter, the processes that matter undergoes, and the energy changes that accompany these processes. Chemical ? any substance with a definite composition. Mass ? measure of the amount of matter Matter ? anything that takes up space Atom ? the smallest unit of an element that maintains the chemical identity of that element Element - pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler, substances and is made of one type of atom Compound ? a substance that can be broken down into simple stable substances. Each compound is made from the atoms of two or more elements that are chemically bonded

The Atom: From Philosophical to Scientific Theory

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Honors Chemistry The Atom


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Electron filling diagram

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1s2s2p
electron
chemestry

1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d 4s 4p 4d 4f 5s 5p 5d 5f ? 6s 6p 6d ? 7s 7p ? 8s ? The order of increasing energy of the sublevels: 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d 4p 5s 4d 5p 6s 4f 5d 6p 7s 5f 6d ? This order corresponds to the order in which the energy sublevels are filled by electrons. nucleus 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d 4p 4d 4f n = 1 n = 2 n = 3 n = 4 Energy level (n) Energy sublevel Increasing Energy
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