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slavery

African American Themes

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Criticism of Christianity ??nations ideals vs. its practices ??slave owner Christianity vs. real Christianity Prophetic Tradition ??to speak truth to power ??this is what will happen to you if you don?t stop oppressing God?s people Jeremiad (written & oral) ??sermons of despair deploring the signs of waning faith ??prediction of calamity but gives element of hope ??named for biblical prophet Jeremiah (predicts the fall of the kingdom of Judah because they broke their covenant with the Lord) ??predicting the fall of an institution/nation based upon their wrong actions ??prolonged lamentation or complaint ??crisis = the norm in the Jeremiad Walker p.162-165 ??hypocritical vs. true Christianity (claims true Christianity for black people)

African American Midterm

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Text: Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral Author: Phillis Wheatley Genre: Poetry Year: 1773 Author?s Bio: Born in West Africa, brought to America. While enslaved, she was taught to read and write, and educated in the classics and Christianity. She was the first African American to publish a book. She traveled to England to publish the first book, and was very well-received. She was emancipated at age 20. She eventually married a free black man, but without the support of the Wheatley?s, she and her husband had little financial success and had descended into poverty by the end of Phillis? life. Context for work:

ch4 notes

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The Unhealthy Chesapeake Disease cut off 10 years life expectancy for the early settlers in the Chesapeake Half the people born in Virginia and Maryland in its early years didn?t live t see their 20th bday Majority of early settlers were single men in their teens or early 20?s Men outnumbered women 6:1 Very few families Later gained an immunity to the diseases The Tobacco Economy Intense cultivation caused the soil to exhaust Caused demand for more land More Indian attacks Prices on tobacco dropped when it became more abundant (1.5 million pounds annually) Caused the need for more labor Indians died too quickly when near whites Blacks were too expensive Used indentured servants Frustrated Freemen and Bacon?s Rebellion

Joseph Ellis' "The Silence" Presis

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?The Silence? Questions By Joseph J. Ellis Taken From Founding Brothers: The Revolutionary Generation THESIS OF THE ARTICLE: In the early years of the country, the government remained silent over the slavery question. But then on February 11, 1790, two Quaker delegates stormed Congress with a petition to end the African slave trade. The antislavery North used republican values to support their view, while the proslavery South looked to the Constitution and the Bible to protect its establishment. And thus the congressional debate over slavery began, and quickly ended in an effort to avoid friction in the Union. SALIENT POINTS OF READING INTEREST:

Questions on Joseph Ellis' "The Silence"

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?The Silence? Questions By Joseph J. Ellis Taken From Founding Brothers: The Revolutionary Generation 1. On February 11, 1790, two Quaker delegates to Congress presented a petition tend what practice? The African slave trade 2. The United States Constitution said this practice could not be abolished until what year? 1808 3. The Pennsylvania Abolition Society made two new points in their petition for the abolition of slavery. Name one. Both slavery and the slave trade were incompatible with the values for which the American Revolution had been fought 4. The Pennsylvania Abolition Society's appeal to Congress arrived under the signature of what "founding brother"? Benjamin franklin

Slavery vs Indentured Servitude

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Alisa Chen Hamza Noor Christina Xu Jenny Zhi 1st Hour Slavery and Indentured Servitude Essay Outline Thesis In colonial times, indentured servants and slaves had some similar lacks of rights, but slaves were far worse off; although both were given certain rights, indentured servants obtained more freedom after their terms ended, such as the right to land and supplies at the end of a work term; and though neither had a prominent voice in politics, the slaves? political rights were more limited, and they had heavier punishements for breaking laws; lastly, neither was paid and all the profit from their work went to the owner, but indentured servants? work led towards their eventual freedom, where they had limited economic help. Body Paragraph 1 (Social)

Chapter 2

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Elizabeth I An English Protestant queen, she supported the plundering of Spanish ships. Ireland Catholic land ruled by England, sought Spanish support, to no avail. Sir Francis Drake An English pirate secretly supported by Elizabeth to plunder Spanish ships. Sir Walter Raleigh An English courtier, Raleigh failed to establish the Roanoke colony. Roanoke An attempt at colonizing America, but the colonists disappeared. Spanish Armada Spain?s attempt to counter English piracy, a remarkable failure. Enclosing The fencing of private lands, forcing farmers off of land or into tenancy. Joint-stock company A company of investors who pooled their money to fund exploration. primogeniture Laws decreeing that only eldest sons can inherit landed estates. James I

Chapter 4

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Chesapeake An area home to the first American colonies, profitable to tobacco farmers. headright system Whoever paid the passage of a laborer received 50 acres. indentured servant Whites who sold their labor for 5-7 years for passage to America. Nathaniel Bacon A white planter who led a rebellion, killing natives and burning Jamestown. Governor Berkeley The Virginia governor who punished the rebels of Bacon?s troop. Middle Passage The transatlantic sea voyage bringing slaves to the New World. Royal African Company A company that lost its monopoly in selling slaves to the colonists. ringshout A West African religious dance that contributed to the development of jazz. ?FFVs? First Families of Virginia, which dominated real estate and legislature.

chapter 16

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Chapter 16: The South and the Slavery Controversy ?Cotton is King!? The South produced more than ? of the world?s supply of cotton Cotton accounted for about ? of all exports after 1840 Britain was the leading industrial power and? Its single most important manufacture was cotton cloth 1/5 of British population worked in cotton manufacturing About 75% of its cotton came from the South Southern leaders believed the British would protect them in a war with the North because of their dependence on the South for cotton? Cotton King The Planter Aristocracy The South could be described as an oligarchy What is an oligarchy? Government run by a few (usually wealthy have the power) Widened the gap between the rich and the poor Wealthy children went to private schools, therefore

chapter 15

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Chapter 15: The Ferment of Reform and Culture 1790-1860 2nd Great Awakening?reaction to growing liberalism in religion?1800 75% of Americans attended church in early 18th century Many had become liberal in their thinking Deism?Thomas Paine, Jefferson, Franklin Relied on reason rather than revelation; science rather than Bible Denied Christ?s Divinity Unitarianism?spin-off created by Deism God exists in one person and not the Trinity Believe in the essential goodness of human nature God seen as loving, not stern creator Impact Bigger than 1st Great Awakening Began in South and then made its way to the Northeast Poorer communities in the rural south and west most affected by the revival Charles Finney?greatest of revival preachers Effects:

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