energy

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Biology

Ecology

plants

Primary production

Chemical oceanography

Productivity

Photosynthesis

Respiration

Biomass

Ecosystem ecology

Ecosystem Energetics Laws of Thermodynamics 1st ? Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, only transformed from one type to the other All energy in an ecosystem ultimately comes from the sun 2nd ? In any transfer of energy, energy is lost. Energy is constantly being lost to the environment as heat Primary Productivity Primary Productivity is the production of organic compounds from atmospheric or aquatic CO2, principally through the process of photosynthesis Plants use the product of photosynthesis in 2 ways 1. Plant structures such as proteins, cells, tissues (building the plant body) 2. Fuel for Respiration. This powers such processes as growth, transpiration, reproduction, etc. Gross primary productivity (GPP) ? total amount of energy from photosynthesis

APES MIDTERM 2013 SPRING

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Nuclear power in the United States

APES

environmental science

practice questions for Spring Midterm 13,14,15,16 &19 Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. ____ 1. Which of the following types of agriculture is most characteristic of developing countries? a. plantation agriculture b. traditional intensive agriculture c. traditional subsistence agriculture d. industrialized agriculture ____ 2. The plants of the second green revolution are a. giant varieties. b. slow growing. c. high-yield varieties. d. adapted to drought. ____ 3. All of the following factors contributed to a doubling of U.S. food productivity since 1940 except a. increased use of fossil fuels. b. increased amount of cultivated land. c. increased use of pesticides. d.

chapter 3

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Human Geography

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International reaction to the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster

Nuclear technology

Nuclear energy in Sweden

Nuclear power in Sweden

Nuclear power

Politics of Germany

Nuclear power phase-out

Politics

The Cultural Landscape

Neher 1 Anthony Neher Mrs. Salzman AP Human Geography September 12, 2013 Scrap Nuclear Power In Sweden: Social Democrat Source: http://www.thelocal.se/50186/20130911/

whoaaaa

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Arnav Sridher Period 2 Physics Collision Investigation Purpose: The purpose of this lab is to investigate the change in total momentum and total kinetic energy of an isolated 2 car collision. Procedure: Go to the website given Set up trial 1 Set a velocity for both cars as well as the mass. Make sure to follow the sheet that says what each trial should include. Press go and record the final velocity for each vehicle Repeat the steps for each trial Once you have 10 trials accounted for, calculate kinetic energy using the equation Ek=1/2(mv2) Once you have done this for the 10 trials, calculate the momentum that each vehicle has using the equation P=mv Data Table: Trials 1-4(elastic), trials 5-8(perfectly inelastic), and trials 9&10(inelastic) M1 (Kg) M2 (Kg) V1 (m/s) V2 (m/s)

System Measurement

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measurement

Units of energy

British thermal unit

Therm

Joule

Centimetre–gram–second system of units

Work

Erg

Metric System

Kilowatt hour

Calorie

Energy and Climate Change Systems of Measurement: * USCS: (formerly the British System) The system used in the U.S. consisting of feet, pounds, and seconds. ?*The Metric System: meters, kilograms, and seconds. ?* Fundamental Units: length, mass, and time. System Length Mass Time SI (mks) Meter Kilogram Second SI(cgs) Centimeter Gram Second USCS (fps) Foot Slug Second Work and Energy System Force = Mass x Acceleration SI (mks) Newton Kg m/s^2 SI (cgs) Dyne Gram Cm/s^2 USCS (fps) Lb Slug Ft/s^2 *Work: force multiplied by the distance through which the force acts. The Newton *(N) The SI unit of force. 1 N = 0.225 lbs The Joule (J) Amount of work done by a force of one newton acting through a distance of one meter.

Coal, Oil, and Gas Notes

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Fuels

Coal

COAL, OIL, & GAS Stats from Geohive: US total energy consumption ? ranked 1st worldwide US oil consumption ? ranked 1st worldwide US coal consumption ? ranked 2nd worldwide (behind China) US natural gas consumption ? ranked 1st worldwide I. Oil (15-6) Most important fossil fuel in US economy: used mostly for transportation A. Petroleum or crude oil (oil as comes out of ground) 1.Produced by decomposition of deeply buried dead organic matter from plants and animals under high temperatures and pressures over millions of years 2.Consists mainly of hydrocarbons, with small amounts of sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen impurities 3.Often trapped with natural gas 4.In pores and cracks in rocks, if enough pressure create a gusher when drill B. Oil recovery

Chemistry Chapter 1~3

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Chemistry

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Science

Heat

Lecture 1 (Chapter 1 ~ Chapter 3) Chapter 1 Chemistry ? The?study?of?the?composition,?structure,?and?properties?of?MATTER?and?CHANGES?it?undergoes? Scientific method ? Observation? o Observe? o Gather??Data? ? Qualitative?(Description)? ? Quantitative?(Number?[followed?by?unit])? ? Identify?Problem? o Known? o Unknown? ? Hypothesize? o If_____________?then_______________? ? Test?&?Collect?Data? ? Analyze?Data? ? Theorize? Branch of Chemistry ? Biochemistry? ? Organic?chemistry? ? Inorganic?chemistry? ? Etc.? Significant figures ? All??0?s?between?two?nonzero?=?significant? ? Place?holding??0?s?=?not?significant? ? All?nonzero?=?significant? ? All??0?s?on?the?right?of?the?non??0?s?=?significant? ? All??0?s?on?the?right?of?decimal,?except?place?holders?=?significant?

Chapter 5 Thermochemistry

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Chemistry

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Heat

Chapter 5: Thermochemistry ?Introduction- Energy is defined as the capacity or the ability the to do work i.e. in order to do work energy must be involved Mathematically Represented- Work or Energy = Force x Distance The view of energy can be thought of as physical in nature and contact via the exerted force Chemistry, however, must view energy differently. The study of energy and its transformation, as it applies to chemistry, is know as THERMOCHEMISTRY, along with spontaneity, the two are referred to as THERMODYNAMICS Section 5.1- Nature of Energy The study of chemistry and thermodynamics will involve the concepts of energy, work, and heat KINETIC and POTENTIAL Energy Kinetic ? energy due to an objects motion

APES beginner vocabulary

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Chemistry

matter

Biology

Carbon

Autotroph

Radioactive decay

Basic Scientific Concepts Organic vs. Inorganic: The primary difference between organic compounds and inorganic compounds is that organic compounds always contain carbon while most inorganic compounds do not. Also, all organic compounds contain carbon, hydrogen or C-H bonds. Ex. of Organic Compounds: Nucleic Acids, Fats, Sugars, Proteins, Enzymes, Fuels, DNA, and Methane CH4 Ex. of Inorganic Compounds: Salts, Metals, Table Salt and Carbon Dioxide Gene: A unit of heredity; a segment of DNA nucleus of the cell that contains information for the synthesis of a specific protein. Ex: Enzymes Gene pool: Combined genetic information, such as alleles, of all the members of a particular population.

physics notes

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Mass

Exergy

Force

Gas