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Understand Adaptations

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Understanding Adaptations Objective: To learn about how natural selection works and what it does Hypothesis: If an organisms has better traits that allow them to blend in or be harder to pick up then it will survive longer than others because predators cannot pray on them as easily. Environment Prey- Punchies- a new organism (paper hole punches) Predator- YOU Clock/watch with a second hand PROCEDURE: Spread your environment out on the lab bench. Describe the environment above Data Table #1 Randomly place 20 of each punchie onto the environment ( try to spread them out)

BIOLOGY LABORATORY

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Invertebrates sponges, segmented worms, echinoderms, mollusks, and arthropods They do not have backbones or internal skeletons.? Some have external skeletons, called exoskeletons ??? Sponges -Very simple animals that have many pores (holes) through which water flows. -Water moves into a central cavity and out through a hole in the top. -obtain their food and eliminate wastes through this passage of water. -They have specialized cells for obtaining food and oxygen from the water. ??? Cnidarians -Hollowed-body animals with cells organized into tissues. -Have tentacles surrounding their mouth that contain stinging cells used to help capture its prey. -Have radial symmetry and two different body forms: polyp and medusa. -Examples are sea anemones, hydra, corals, and sea jellies. ???

33

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An Introduction to Invertebrates Chapter 33 Porifera (Sponges) Parazoa (no true tissue) Sedentary (Sessile) Suspension Feeders Choanocytes (Collar Cells) Cnidarians (Hydras, Corals, Jellies) Eumetazoans (True Tissue) Diploblastic Radial Body Plan Gastrovascular cavity Single opening serves as anus and mouth Lophotrochozoans Eumetazoans Bilateral Symmetry Triploblastic Lophotrochozoans Platyhelminthes (Flatworms) Triploblastic acoelomates Ex. Planarians Platyhelminthes (Flatworms) Trematodes (parasitic flukes) Platyhelminthes (Flatworms) Tapeworms (parasitic flatworm) Scolex proglottids Lophotrochozoans Rotifers Alimentary canal Pseudocoelomates parthenogenesis Lophotrochozoans Lophophorates Have crown of ciliated tentacles around mouth Coelomates

The Tube Worm

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Giant Tube Worm Physical Adaptations has a large red plume that provides nutrients to the bacteria that live inside the worm Morphological Adaptations has a specialized organ used for exchanging compounds such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen sulphide with the seawater has a mutual relationship with the bacteria that lives inside it. Has no mouth or digestive tract so it feeds off of the bacteria. bacteria converts the chemicals from the hydrothermal vents into organic molecules that provide food for the worm Behavioral Adaptations can sense movement and vibrations and will retreat into their protective tubes when threatened release their eggs into the water to be fertilized

The Marten vs The Beaver

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In examining the two species and their adaptations I believe the beaver is the best adapted for winter. Both the marten and the beaver are well-adapted for winter, however, I believe the adaptations and habitat of the beaver outweigh that of the marten. The key fault in the marten?s case is that it does not have a year-round habitat like the beaver does. The beaver is able to have both safety and relative warmth in its lodge. It is able to safely store food in large amounts there, whereas, the Marten has its winter home in the trees. While it can store food here, it cannot store it in as great quantities and it is at a greater risk of being taken by other animals. Also, the habitat in which beavers live is generally safer than that of the martens.

Important Trade Routes

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This is a condensed information sheet of the major trade routes in world history. The Silk Road -Main commodities that were traded on this route were: Silk Porcelain Tea Weapons Metal work Spices Gold Silver Amber Brassware Jade Sugar Horses Cotton Salt Incense -The Silk Road was created during the Han Dynasty. The Han Dynasty and the Roman Empire used this series of trade routes to trade. -The Silk Road was safest during the time of Mongol Empire. This time period was known as the Pax Mongolica in the 13th century. This led to the spread of ideas and cultures throughout East and West Asia. The Indian Ocean Trade -South Asia traded with East Africa
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