Predation

Communities

Subject:

Biology

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Habitat

Ecology

Biological interactions

Antipredator adaptations

Community ecology

Predation

community

Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis

Ecological niche

Interspecific competition

Parasitism

competition

Communities A community is classified as all living things (different species), living in the same place at the same time Key Properties of a Community: Diversity: Includes two components: Species richness= Total number of different species in that certain community Relative Abundance= How many of each species population are present in the community Species Diversity= Describes how diverse a community is by considering species richness and relative abundance Prevalent Form of Vegetation Within a community certain types of plants are present as well as these plants being structured and located in a specific way, this arrangement determines what animals lives in this community.

STUDY GUIDE

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Environmental Science

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APES Study Guide 5 Populations This unit will include the study of species interactions and reproductive strategies and how these and other factors affect species diversity. You will also learn a few of the tools that may be used to measure species diversity. Textbook References Miller, Living In The Environment, 16th edition: Chapter 5 (p143-169) (26 pages) Outside Reading TBA Other Materials Planet Earth, ?Great Plains? Vocabulary (39) species diversity species richness species evenness theory of island biogeography habitat island interspecific competition parasitism mutualism commensalism predation inhibition allopathy facilitation native species exotic/introduced/alien species indicator species endemic species ubiquitous species keystone species primary succession

Chapter 51 American Pagent

Subject:

US History

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Habitat

Ecology

Systems ecology

environmental science

plants

Ecological succession

Ecology Study Guide Chapter 51 Animal behavior is anything to do with animals and they way they function and reproduce. Proximate cause is the immediate trigger for a behavior. For example, if a zebra is drinking at a water hole, and all of a sudden it hears another zebra nearby make an alarm call, it may stop drinking immediately and start running away instead. The proximate cause of the zebra running away would be the alarm call. But the ultimate cause, or real reason why the zebra is running is survival. It is running away because it wants to survive. The alarm call is not the source of danger, but the alarm call alerts the zebra that danger, such as a lion, may be nearby and the lion can threaten the zebra's chance to survive.

Understand Adaptations

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US History

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film

Biological pest control

animals

Rugby union equipment

Predation

Chopsticks

Predator

Understanding Adaptations Objective: To learn about how natural selection works and what it does Hypothesis: If an organisms has better traits that allow them to blend in or be harder to pick up then it will survive longer than others because predators cannot pray on them as easily. Environment Prey- Punchies- a new organism (paper hole punches) Predator- YOU Clock/watch with a second hand PROCEDURE: Spread your environment out on the lab bench. Describe the environment above Data Table #1 Randomly place 20 of each punchie onto the environment ( try to spread them out)

Ecology: background information

Subject:

Biology

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Biology

Ecology

Biological dispersal

community

Interspecific competition

Theoretical ecology

Biological interaction

Ecology: Definitions Ecology: The scientific study of the interactions between organisms and their environment that determines the distribution and abundance of organisms Ecology is a science Environmentalism is a cause Conservation Biology is the integration of these two: using science to support a political cause Population ecology: experimental field approach: natural populations manipulated to test specific predictions arising from controversial ecological theory Organismal ecology: studies how an organism?s structure, physiology, and (for animals) behaviour meet environmental challenges Population: all the individuals of the same species within an ecosystem Population ecology focuses on factors affecting how many individuals of a species live in an area

Living in the Environment 16th Ed. : Ch.5 Key Terms

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Environmental Science

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Biology

behavior

Ecology

Biological interactions

Interspecific competition

Ecological succession

Parasitism

evolution

Environment

Chapter 5 age structure A population?s age structure?the proportions of individuals at various ages?can have a strong effect on how rapidly it increases or decreases in size. biotic potential Species vary in their biotic potential or capacity for population growth under ideal conditions. carrying capacity (K) Together, biotic potential and environmental resistance determine the carrying capacity (K): the maximum population of a given species that a particular habitat can sustain indefinitely without being degraded. coevolution

Population Biology

Subject:

Biology

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Population dynamics of fisheries

Animal population control

Social Issues

Population Biology Population Dynamics Principles of Population Growth Exponential growth: as a population gets larger, it also grows at a faster rate (makes a J-shaped curve on a graph) A population cannot grow indefinitely; eventually, factors such as lack of food, disease, etc. will slow population growth (makes an S-shaped curve on a graph) Carrying capacity: the number of organisms of one species that an environment can support indefinitely When a population overshoots the carrying capacity, limiting factors may come into effect Reproduction Patterns Populations are always naturally fluctuating Life-history pattern: an organism?s reproductive pattern Rapid life-history patterns are common among organisms from changeable or unpredictable environments

Bio112 April 26th

Subject:

Biology

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Biology

Ecology

Symbiosis

Biological pest control

Antipredator adaptations

Mimicry

Bio 112

Bio 112, April 26 2013 Transition for competition to other aspects with in populations. EVOLUTIONARY RACE TO ARMS!!!! Evolutionary Responses -Predator- Prey interactions -Defensive adaptations of prey lead to offensive adaptations of predators -coloration, speed, eye sight, its a back and forth between these populations. -Red Queen Hypothesis (Leigh Van Valen) -evolving as rapidly as they can but not going anywhere. Stay in the same positions in the food chain. -Plant- Herbivore Interactions -Passive defenses -Chemical defenses that plants have in place all the time. Toxic!!! bad taste. -Lower population, be a rare species. -be habitat colonizers, rapid growth and re-populate new areas only. -Physical defenses, such as thorns.

Vocabulary

Subject:

Environmental Science

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Biology

Ecology

Environmental Science Vocabulary ? Living Things in the Environment & Populations organism - a living thing habitat - an environment that provides the things an organism needs to live. biotic factor - a living part of an organism?s habitat. i.e. grass, plants, seeds, fruit, worms, bacteria, other animals abiotic factor - a non-living part of an organisms habitat. i.e. water, sunlight, oxygen, temperature, soil photosynthesis - the process in which plants use water along with sunlight and carbon dioxide to make their own food. species - a group of organisms that are physically similar and can produce offspring. population - all the members of one species in a particular area. The ?count? of one species in an area.