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Underwater diving

Bob Jones PPT Notes -- Chapter 10a

Subject: 
Chemistry
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Physics
thermodynamics
Chemistry
Gases
Fluid dynamics
Atmospheric thermodynamics
Underwater diving
Effusion
Kinetic theory
Pressure
Vacuum
Molar mass
Environment

Properties of Gases Kinetic Theory of Gases Many independent particles Random motion at high speed Separated by great distances Kinetic Theory of Gases Interact only when they collide 5. Elastic collisions Physical Properties of Gases Diffusion Effusion Permeability Compressibility Expansibility Diffusion spontaneous mixing due to particle motion Effusion gas particles passing through a tiny opening into an evacuated area Both diffusion and effusion are directly related to the speed of the gas molecules. rate of effusion for gas 1 Graham?s Law of Effusion rate of effusion for gas 2 = molar mass2 molar mass1 molar massN = 28.02 g/mol Sample Problem 1 Calculate the ratio of effusion rates between nitrogen (N2) and Argon (Ar). molar massAr = 39.95 g/mol rate of effusion for gas 1

Chapter 5

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Chemistry
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Physics
measurement
thermodynamics
Fluid dynamics
Underwater diving
Atmospheric thermodynamics
State functions
Gas
Pressure measurement
Torr
Pressure
Volume

Chapter 5 ? Gases 5.1- Pressure ~Barometer ? Measures atmospheric pressure. Invented in 1643 Units of Pressure ~Manometer ? instrument used for measuring pressure. MmHg / Torr ~ Standard atmosphere : 1 atm = 760 mmHg = 760 Torr = 101325 Pa 5.2 The Gas Laws of Boyle, Charles, and Avogadro Boyle?s Law- Pressure and volume are INVERSELY PROPORTIONAL P goes up V goes down P1V1 = P2V2 Charles Law- As T increases V increases V1/ T1 = V2/ T2 ~ K = `C + 273 ~ Pgas = Patm + Ph in an open ended manometer Gay- Lussac?s Law- P1/T1 = P2/T2 Avogadro?s Law- V1/n1 = V2/n2 Combined gas law- P1V1/n1T1 = P2V2/n2T2 Ideal Gas Laws- PV = nRT ~Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases consant motion and perfectly elastic gas molecules do not attract or repel

Gas laws

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Chemistry
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Physics
Chemistry
thermodynamics
Chemical engineering
Gases
Underwater diving
Atmospheric thermodynamics
Gas laws
Ideal gas
Gas
Volume
Partial pressure
Environment

A Gas Uniformly fills any container. Mixes completely with any other gas Exerts pressure on its surroundings. A Gas It might help to define a gas based on the other phases as well. -Movie Clip- Kinetic Molecular Theory 1. Volume of individual particles is ? zero. 2. Collisions of particles with container walls cause pressure exerted by gas. 3. Particles exert no forces on each other. 4. Average kinetic energy ? Kelvin temperature of a gas. The Meaning of Temperature Kelvin temperature is an index of the random motions of gas particles (higher T means greater motion.) -Kinetic Energy Video- Pressure is equal to force/unit area SI units = Newton/meter2 = 1 Pascal (Pa) 1 standard atmosphere = 101,325 Pa 1 standard atmosphere = 1 atm = 760 mm Hg = 760 torr atm mmHg torr
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