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Evaluation methods

David G. Meyers Psychology 8th Edition Chapter 1 outline

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Psychology
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Science
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Statistics
Design of experiments
scientific method
Covariance and correlation
Behavioural sciences
Evaluation methods
Psychology
Illusory correlation
Randomness
Correlation does not imply causation
health

The Need for Psychological Science Hindsight bias and judgmental overconfidence show that we cannot rely on intuition and common sense. Hindsight Bias: The thought that once a person finds out the outcome, that the person knew the outcome all along and could have predicted it. Overconfidence: Thinking is limited not only because of our after-the-fact common sense but by over confidence When you are 100% sure about something, self prediction may change up to 15% of the time When someone predicts wrong, they seem to use the ? I was close? excuse Skepticism and humility must be added to help us tell the difference between life and reality The Scientific Attitude You need to be Skeptical but not cynical Need to be able to have humility and be able to reject ones owns ideas

SC4730

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Environmental Science
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Statistics
Science
Design of experiments
Hypothesis testing
Statistical inference
scientific method
Evaluation methods
Null hypothesis
H0
Hypothesis
Statistical hypothesis testing
Research

Research the meaning of null hypothesis. Describe how and why it is used in experimental design. Properly cite your reference. In statistical inference of observed data of a scientific experiment, the null hypothesis refers to a general or default position: that there is no relationship between two measured phenomena,[1] or that a potential medical treatment has no effect.[2] Rejecting or disproving the null hypothesis ? and thus concluding that there are grounds for believing that there is a relationship between two phenomena or that a potential treatment has a measurable effect ? is a central task in the modern practice of science, and gives a precise sense in which a claim is capable of being proven false.

Qualitative vs. Quantitative

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English
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Ethology
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research methods
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Qualitative research
Quantitative research
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Simulation
Quantitative analyst
Technology

Research Methods In today?s world there are a vast number of ways to do research. Some are good and some are bad. The research method you use also depends on what kind of outcome you?re looking for. The two main concepts I believe that I found most useful was the Foundations section under Knowledge Base and the Computer Simulations section.

A.P Environmental Science Chapter 2

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Environmental Science
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scientific method
Evaluation methods
Statistical inference
research methods
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experiment
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Economic model
Technology
environmental science chapter 2

Chapter Two What is science? Science: ? is a methodical, logical process for producing knowledge about natural phenomena ? a cumulative body of knowledge ----- Table 2.1 : Basic Principles of Science (7) Science depends on skepticism and accuracy ? Ideally scientists are skeptical and un biased. ? Scientist strive for ? Accuracy- correctness of measurement ? Reproducibility- Repeatability of result : Repeating studies or tests is called replication Deductive and inductive reasoning ? Deductive reasoning- logical reasoning from general to specific ? Inductive reasoning- reasoning from many observations to produce a general rule ? It is also important to recognize the role of insight, creativity, aesthetics, and luck in research

AP Psychology - Unit 2 (Research Methods) Outline

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Psychology
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Design of experiments
Covariance and correlation
Psychometrics
Psychology
Confounding
Hindsight
Observation

Research Methods: Thinking Critically With Psychological Science The Need for Psychological Science Much of contemporary psychological science documents a vast intuitive mind. Intuition is important, but we often underestimate its perils. Two phenomena?hindsight bias and judgmental overconfidence?illustrate why we cannot rely solely on intuition and common sense. Did We Know It All Along? Hindsight Bias The term ?hindsight bias? refers to the tendency to believe, after learning and outcome, that one would have foreseen it. (Also known as the I-knew-it-all-along phenomenon.) Errors in out recollections and explanations show why we need psychological research. Common sense more easily describes what has happened than what will happen.

Psychology Notes CH.1

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Psychology
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scientific method
Pharmacology
Illusory correlation
Statistics
Psychology
Anecdotal evidence

Psychology Textbook Notes- Ch. 1 The Need for Psychological Science: The Limits of Intuition and Common Sense Hindsight Bias-THE TENDENCY TO BELIEVE AFTER LEARNING A N OUTCOME that foreseen ?I knew it all along phenomenon). Unanticipated scientific results indeed ?seem? like obvious common sense or justify it to that! Common sense describes what has happened more easily than it predicts what will happen. Intuition can be wrong & common sense! Overconfidence: Thinking limited by ?after-the-fact? common sense hindsight bias. We could of done that DUH attitude example anagram scrambling after seeing the solution. 98% college students confident they won?t drop out ? yet half do OVERCONFIDENT! More confident than correct!

Lumbriculous-Black Worm Lab

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Biology
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Design of experiments
scientific method
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Pharmacology
experiment
Statistical hypothesis testing
Blind experiment
Lumbriculus variegatus
Data analysis
health

What Makes a Worm?s Heart Race? Part 1 - Learning Name: Hour: Date: Purpose: To explore the impact of treatments on the pulse rate of the worm Lumbriculus variegatus while refreshing and refining your understanding of experimental design with a focus on recognizing and minimizing experimental bias. Objectives: Upon completion of this activity, you should be able to: Count pulse rate in blackworms (Lumbriculus variegatus). Demonstrate the ability to design and perform an experiment using the strong inference model and multiple hypotheses with attention to the minimization of experimental bias. Demonstrate an understanding of graphing and the use of simple statistical data analysis to evaluate the impact of an experimental treatment.

Chapter 2 Dye Models of Politics

Subject: 
US Gov and Politics
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behavior
Evaluation
Decision theory
Government
Policy
Evaluation methods
Science
Attachment theory
Impact evaluation
Program evaluation

Impact of policy is measured through: 1) target group 2) impact on group other than the target group 3) future 4) direct Costs 5) indirect costs -Everything pertaining to policy has to be measured both symbolically and tangibly. - Politics used to be: Who gets what, when and how - Politics has become: who feels what, when and how Ways government agencies review policies: 1) hearings and reports 2) site visits 3) comparison with professional standards 4) evaluation of complaints What government can do about evaluations: -must weigh cost against benefits -comparing what has happened with the policy against what would have happened with out it -Comparison between areas with the policy to that without the policy Experimental policy research:

Chapter 1 Dye Policy Analysis

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US Gov and Politics
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Public administration
Politics
Government
political science
Policy
sociology
Evaluation methods
Policy analysis
Evaluation
economics
Public choice theory
Economic model

Policy-public policy is whatever government chooses to do or not to do/ a projected program of goals, values and practices. -today people expect government to do a great many things for them -understanding the causes and consequences of policy decisions improves our knowledge of society -policy studies helps us learn about the linkage between social and economic conditions in society -policy studies incorporate the ideas and methods of economics, sociology, anthropology, psycology, history, law and public administration -public policy can be studied for political purposes to ensure that the nation adopts the "right" policies to achieve the "right" goals -policy analysis is finding out what governments do, why they do it and what

sociology

Subject: 
Environmental Science
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Research
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Regression analysis
scientific method
Causality
Variable
Dependent and independent variables
Research design

Chapter two Sociology HOW DO WE KNOW WHAT WE KNOW intuition- is quick and ready insight what is not based on rational thought immediate understanding of something common sense- refers to opintion that are widelt held because htey seem so obvious Authority- is someone who is supposed to have special knowledge that we do not have tradition what has been assed down to believe WHAT IS OBJECTIVITY scientist are expected to prevent thier personal biases from influencing the interpretation of thier result s CAN SCIENTIST REALLY BE OBJECTIVE. jthey can be unintentionally let thier personal biases influence thier work such as kinsey pg 34 how can subjectivity ve reduced scientist cannot be completely onjective best when they strife for the truth

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