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Covariance and correlation

David G. Meyers Psychology 8th Edition Chapter 1 outline

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Psychology
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Science
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Covariance and correlation
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Illusory correlation
Randomness
Correlation does not imply causation
health

The Need for Psychological Science Hindsight bias and judgmental overconfidence show that we cannot rely on intuition and common sense. Hindsight Bias: The thought that once a person finds out the outcome, that the person knew the outcome all along and could have predicted it. Overconfidence: Thinking is limited not only because of our after-the-fact common sense but by over confidence When you are 100% sure about something, self prediction may change up to 15% of the time When someone predicts wrong, they seem to use the ? I was close? excuse Skepticism and humility must be added to help us tell the difference between life and reality The Scientific Attitude You need to be Skeptical but not cynical Need to be able to have humility and be able to reject ones owns ideas

AP Psychology - Unit 2 (Research Methods) Outline

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Covariance and correlation
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Confounding
Hindsight
Observation

Research Methods: Thinking Critically With Psychological Science The Need for Psychological Science Much of contemporary psychological science documents a vast intuitive mind. Intuition is important, but we often underestimate its perils. Two phenomena?hindsight bias and judgmental overconfidence?illustrate why we cannot rely solely on intuition and common sense. Did We Know It All Along? Hindsight Bias The term ?hindsight bias? refers to the tendency to believe, after learning and outcome, that one would have foreseen it. (Also known as the I-knew-it-all-along phenomenon.) Errors in out recollections and explanations show why we need psychological research. Common sense more easily describes what has happened than what will happen.

Psychology Notes CH.1

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Ethology
Design of experiments
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Covariance and correlation
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Pharmacology
Illusory correlation
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Anecdotal evidence

Psychology Textbook Notes- Ch. 1 The Need for Psychological Science: The Limits of Intuition and Common Sense Hindsight Bias-THE TENDENCY TO BELIEVE AFTER LEARNING A N OUTCOME that foreseen ?I knew it all along phenomenon). Unanticipated scientific results indeed ?seem? like obvious common sense or justify it to that! Common sense describes what has happened more easily than it predicts what will happen. Intuition can be wrong & common sense! Overconfidence: Thinking limited by ?after-the-fact? common sense hindsight bias. We could of done that DUH attitude example anagram scrambling after seeing the solution. 98% college students confident they won?t drop out ? yet half do OVERCONFIDENT! More confident than correct!
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