Biogeography

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earth

Planetary atmospheres

Part A Directions: Each set of lettered choices below refers to the numbered questions or statements immediately following it. Select the one lettered choice that best answers each questions or best fits each statement and then fill in the corresponding oval on the answer sheet. A choice may be used one, more than once, or not at all in each set. ? Questions 1 and 2 refer to the following concepts relating to systems? Linear growth Feedback Loop Exponential growth Equilibrium Growth rate in which the amount doubles in a fixed unit of time. Change that tends to stabilize a system Questions 3-5 refer to the following biogeochemical cycles Carbon cycle Nitrogen cycle Hydrologic cycle Geological cycle Biogeochemical cycle

Chpt 4 powerpoint Miller 13th

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ECOSYSTEMS: COMPONENTS, ENERGY FLOW & MATTER CYCLING CHAPTER 4 ECOLOGY Study of the relationships between organisms and their environment How organisms interact with their nonliving environment such as sunlight, temperature, moisture, nutrients, etc. KEY WORK IS: INTERACT - Connections in Nature What is an organism? What make up organisms? Organisms are either: EUCARYOTIC - SURROUNDED BY A MEMBRANE HAVE A DISTINCT NUCLEUS HAVE INTERNAL ORGANELLES All organisms except bacteria. PROCARYOTIC - SURROUNDED BY A MEMBRANE NO DISTINCT NUCLEUS NO INTERNAL PARTS SURROUNDED BY MEMBRANES Bacteria What is a SPECIES? How do species differ? What is the difference between sexual and asexual reproduction? Number of species on earth is not known 5 million to 100 million maybe

APES CHAPTER 4

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Soil

Exam 4 review sheet Chapter 3 Hydro cycle Solar energy heats Earth, and causes evaporation Evaporated water condenses into clouds Water returns to Earth as precipitation Precipitation falling on land is taken up by plants, runs off along the land surface, or percolates into the soil and enters the groundwater Carbon cycle Carbon is the most important element in living organisms makes up 20 percent of total body weight. Produces convert CO2 into sugars Sugars are converted back into CO2 Some carbon can be buried Human extraction of fossil fuels brings carbon to Earth?s surface, where it can be combusted C02 in the atmosphere and CO2 dissolved in water are constantly exchanged Combustion converts fossil fuels and plant material into CO2 Nitrogen cycle

APES CHAPTER 4

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Soil

Exam 4 review sheet Chapter 3 Hydro cycle Solar energy heats Earth, and causes evaporation Evaporated water condenses into clouds Water returns to Earth as precipitation Precipitation falling on land is taken up by plants, runs off along the land surface, or percolates into the soil and enters the groundwater Carbon cycle Carbon is the most important element in living organisms makes up 20 percent of total body weight. Produces convert CO2 into sugars Sugars are converted back into CO2 Some carbon can be buried Human extraction of fossil fuels brings carbon to Earth?s surface, where it can be combusted C02 in the atmosphere and CO2 dissolved in water are constantly exchanged Combustion converts fossil fuels and plant material into CO2 Nitrogen cycle

Chapter 3 APES notes

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Ecology -The study of how organisms interact with one another and their physical environment of matter and energy. All living organisms are composed of cells. Cell-the smallest and most fundamental structural and functional units of life. The idea that all living things are composed of cells is called cell theory. Organisms can be classified as either eukaryotes or prokaryotes A eukaryote is a cell surrounded by a membrane that has a distinct nucleus and other internal parts called organelles. A prokaryote is a cell surrounded by a membrane but has no distinct nucleus or organelles surrounded by membranes. For a group of sexually reproducing organisms a species is a set of individuals that can mate and produce fertile offspring.

Biome Characteristics

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Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests

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Forests

Trees

savanna

Biome

Tropics

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Forests

Botany

Temperate coniferous forest

Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests

Deciduous

Savanna

Environment

biomes climate terrestrial biodiversity desert forest grassland

Tropical forest Within 23 N/S Canopy 4% of land space, but 20% photosynthesis of the Earth most diverse species on Earth Tall trees- Tropical dry forests Tropical deciduous forests Tropical rain forests Dim floor Epiphytes cover trees Savannas Tropic/subtropic grass land Rainy/dry seasons Scattered trees Mammals move deserts 23 N/S Low/unpredictable rains Hot and cold CAM photosynthesis plants Water storage adaptation Draught-resistant plants chaparral Along coastlines in midlatitudes Mild/rainy winter Hot/dry summer Dense, spiny evergreen shrubs Maintained by periodic fire Temperate grass land NE USA etc Deep and rich soil in nutrition Low total annual rain Inhospitable for forest Maintained by fire/drought/grazing Temperate deciduous forests

AP Environmental Science Miller 17th Edition Ch.3 Cycles

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Chemistry

Biogeochemical cycle

Biogeography

Geochemistry

Chemical oceanography

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