Oxides

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Bases

Enthalpy of vaporization

Distillation

An acid solution of unknown concentration is to be titrated with a standardized hydroxide solution that will be released from a buret. The buret should be rinsed with: hot distilled water distilled water at room temperature a sample of the unknown acid solution a sample of the hydroxide solution a neutral salt solution B 100 B 200 B 300 B 400 As a beaker of water is heated over a flame, the temperature increases steadily until it reaches 373K. At that point, the beaker is left on the flame, but the temperature remains at 373 as long as there is water in the beaker. This is because at 373K, the energy provided by the flame: no longer acts to increase the kinetic energy of the water molecules is completely absorbed by the glass beaker

AP Bio Chp 3

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Equilibrium chemistry

Acids

PH

Acid

AP Biology Reading Guide Chapter 3: Water and the Fitness of the Environment Fred and Theresa Holtzclaw Copyright ? 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. - 1 - Name_______________________Period___________ Chapter 3: Water and the Fitness of the Environment Concept 3.1 The polarity of water molecules results in hydrogen bonding 1. Study the water molecules at the right. On the central molecule, label oxygen (O) and hydrogen (H). 2. What is a polar molecule? Why is water considered polar? 3. Now, add + and ? signs to indicate the charged regions of each molecule. Then, indicate the hydrogen bonds. 4. Explain hydrogen bonding. How many hydrogen bonds can a single water molecule form?

quiz 2

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Physical chemistry

Chemical bonding

Supramolecular chemistry

Benzene

Magnesium has 12 protons. How many electrons are in its second energy level? a. 2 b. 4 c. 6 d. 8 e.10 Which of the following statements correctly describes any chemical reaction that has reached equilibrium? a. The concentration of products equals the concentration of reactants. b. Both forward and reverse reactions have halted. c. The rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction. d. The reaction is now irreversible e. No reactants remain.

lab4

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matter

Zinc compounds

Iodides

Salts

Zinc iodide

Uranium trioxide

Iodine

61 The Castle of Quantification A major development in the discovery of Nature's Chemical Laws was the use of the balance during experiments. By quantifying the mass of reactants and products, chemists uncovered regularities and created new generalizations about the physical world. These generalizations are important to us today. For instance, in industry the optimization of product is often extremely important economically. By knowing the relationship between reactants and products, chemists can predict how much product will be made from the amount of reactants they stafted out with; this minimizes the quantity of wasted reactants and thereby increases efficiency of the manufacturing process. Your job is to find this relationship. 1l l' ,.: ',:'- '1," ,,,,,,

2.2 Western High Biology H vocab

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PH

Acid

?Opposite charges of polar molecules can interact to form hydrogen bonds. ?Often oxygen or nitrogen, but many other molecules. ?Weaker than covalent bonds but strong among water molecules 2.2 Vocabulary Isabella Hardman Period 7 9/2/14 ?Measures acidity ? U sually between 0 and 14 ? - 0 is very acidic (High H+) and 14 is in very basic (low H+) ?pH of 7 is neutral -Must be tightly controlled in organisms with buffers.-
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AP BIO Chapter 03

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Bases

Equilibrium chemistry

Acid-base chemistry

PH

Properties of water

Hydroxide

Acid

Chemical reaction

Campbell's Biology, 9e (Reece et al.) Chapter 3 Water and Life Life evolved in the ocean, and the chemistry of life occurs in an aqueous environment. These questions explore the properties of water that are important to sustain life?s chemical processes, organismal physiology, and interactions of organisms with their environment. Quantitative properties such as heat content, molarity, and pH are also addressed. A few questions address how human activities affect the global environment through acid rain and acidification of the ocean. Multiple-Choice Questions 1) In a single molecule of water, two hydrogen atoms are bonded to a single oxygen atom by A) hydrogen bonds. B) nonpolar covalent bonds. C) polar covalent bonds. D) ionic bonds. E) van der Waals interactions.

AP BIO CHP 3 CAMPBELL BIOLOGY 9e

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Campbell's Biology, 9e (Reece et al.) Chapter 3 Water and Life Life evolved in the ocean, and the chemistry of life occurs in an aqueous environment. These questions explore the properties of water that are important to sustain life?s chemical processes, organismal physiology, and interactions of organisms with their environment. Quantitative properties such as heat content, molarity, and pH are also addressed. A few questions address how human activities affect the global environment through acid rain and acidification of the ocean. Multiple-Choice Questions 1) In a single molecule of water, two hydrogen atoms are bonded to a single oxygen atom by A) hydrogen bonds. B) nonpolar covalent bonds. C) polar covalent bonds. D) ionic bonds. E) van der Waals interactions.

Weather

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Environmental Science

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What are 3 major variables that affect our weather? WATCH THE VIDEO! Factors that affect Temperature What is moisture? Water found in one of its three forms: 1. SOLID (ICE/SNOW) 2. LIQUID (RAIN) 3. GAS (WATER VAPOR) Precipitation is moisture that FALLS from the atmosphere above. Precipitation cleans the atmosphere of condensation nuclei Why does precipitation occur? Air can only hold a certain amount of water vapor before it will overfill and condense This is known as capacity ROOM FOR ONE MORE???? What temp. air can hold more W.V.? Warm air can hold MORE water vapor WHY????? Cold air holds LESS water vapor Every 10 degree Celsius increase doubles the air?s capacity Every 10 degree Celsius decrease cuts capacity in half * * * * * * * * * * * * *

Air Pressure

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Environmental Science

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Air Pressure The weight of the air above Earth?s surface Thanks to gravity, the atmosphere has weight. What affects air pressure? Altitude ? air pressure decreases the higher you go up 2 miles up Sea level Decreasing Air Pressure Higher Concentration of air molecules Gravity forces most air molecules to remain close to Earth?s surface Cold air is more dense than warm air Cold air has higher air pressure because the molecules are closer together v v COLD HOT Warm air has LESS air pressure because molecules are farther apart COLD HOT Which air mass can hold more water vapor? v v COLD HOT v v c COLD HOT Air Molecule Water Molecule Warmer air can hold more water molecules than cooler air

Campbell AP Bio Study Guide Chapter 3

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