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cognitive science

Psychology Eighth Edition in Modules (Myers): Modules 18-20

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Psychology
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Mind
Biology
cognitive science
Sleep
Dreaming
Electroencephalography
Mental processes
Dream
Rapid eye movement sleep
Slow-wave sleep
Narcolepsy
Delta wave
health

States of Consciousness Waking and Sleep Rhythms Consciousness ? our awareness of ourselves and our environment Biological Rhythms ? periodic physiological fluctuations Circadian Rhythm ? the biological clock; regular bodily rhythms (for example, of temperature and wakefulness) that occur on a 24-hour cycle REM Sleep ? rapid eye movement sleep, a recurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams commonly occur. Also known as paradoxical sleep, because the muscles are relaxed (except for minor twitches) but other body systems are active Alpha Waves ? the relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake sleep Sleep ? periodic, natural, reversible loss of consciousness ? as distinct from unconsciousness resulting from a coma, general anesthesia, or hibernation

Themes & Variations: Chapter 1

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Psychology
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behavior
Ethology
Mind
cognitive science
Human behavior
Behavioural sciences
neuroscience
Psychology
Wilhelm Wundt
Functionalism
Cognition
Structuralism
health

What is psychology?? ? ? ?| ? ? ?------> THE STUDY OF BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR!!!! Psych is a science based off of EMPIRICISM - direct observation & tested? PSYCHOLOGY = PHYSIOLOGY + PHILOSOPHY Wilhem Wundt- FATHER OF PSYCHOLOGY In 1879, founded 1st formal laboratory for psychologial research at University of Leipzig, Germany 1st Lab Conscience experiment: attention memory time reaction G. Stanley Hall America's FIRST lab FIRST psych journal FIRST President of APA "Schools" - US Structuralism- ?"What" analyze ?into basic elements sensations feelings images? ? ? ??? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?did it through INTROSPECTION - own conscious experience (APART OF FUNCTIONALISM TOO) Functionalism- "Why" William James function- purpose of consciousness mental testing sex differences dev. patterns

Psychology: Themes and Variations by Wayne Weiten, 8th edition chapter 8 definitions

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Psychology
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Mind
cognitive science
Science
Cognition
Psychometrics
Neuropsychological assessment
Problem solving
intelligence
Bounded rationality
Heuristic
Decision making
Rationality
cogition and intelligence

Chapter 8 Cognition and Intelligence Glossary Availability heuristic Basing the estimated probability of an event on the ease with which relevant instances come to mind. Bounded rationality The idea that people tend to use simple strategies in decision making that focus on only a few facets of available options and often result in ?irrational? decisions that are less than optimal. See Theory of bounded rationality. Conjunction fallacy An error that occurs when people estimate that the odds of two uncertain events happening together are greater than the odds of either event happening alone. Convergent thinking Narrowing down a list of alternatives to converge on a single correct answer. Correlation coefficient

Psychology: Themes and Variations by Wayne Weiten, 8th edition definitions

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Psychology
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Mind
memory
cognitive science
Mental processes
Recall
Long-term memory
Episodic memory
Anterograde amnesia
Semantic memory
Encoding
Amnesia
Forgetting
health
Technology
Human Memory

Chapter 7: Human Memory Definitions Amnesia Loss of memories for events that occur after a head injury. See Anterograde amnesia, Retrograde amnesia. Anterograde amnesia Loss of memories for events that occur after a head injury. Attention Focusing awareness on a narrowed range of stimuli or events. Chunk A group of familiar stimuli stored as a single unit. Connectionist models Models of memory that assume cognitive processes depend on patterns of activation in highly interconnected computational networks that resemble neural networks. Also called connectionist models.. See Parallel distributed processing (PDP) models. Consolidation A hypothetical process involving the gradual conversion of information into durable memory codes stored in long-term memory.

AP Psychology Semester One

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Psychology
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Science
Philosophy
Ethology
Fellows of the Royal Society
Evolutionary psychology
Philosophical anthropology
Criminology
Charles Darwin
The Blank Slate
Tabula rasa
Phrenology
Survival of the fittest
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Mind
cognitive science
Psychology
Mental processes
Neuropsychological assessment
Educational psychology
memory
Cognition
Dream
Consciousness
Sleep
brain
health
ap psychology

Chapter 1- Thinking Critically 1. Phrenology: A theory that claimed bumps on the skull could reveal our mental abilities and our character traits. 2. Historical figures: - John Locke ("blank slate"): Believed that the at birth the mind was a blank slate, and that our brains grew and developed based on our experiences. The blank slate idea was called the ?tabular-raza? - Charles Darwin (evolution/adaptations): survival of the fittest - Wilhelm Wundt (structuralism and ?father? of psychology): Interested in studying people?s mental experiences. He used a method known as ?introspection? which had subjects engage in self-examination and describe their conscious experiences such as thinking feeling and perceiving.

Language

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Psychology
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Plant reproduction
Beekeeping
Pollinators
Animal communication
Biology
Zoology
Alarm signal
Bee
Technology
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cognitive science

Animals communicate - using protective coloration - limited communication schemesCommunication scheme: dance by bees in the interior of hives - roving scouts look for sourc of pollen and go back to the hive - dance indicates where the source of food is relative to the sun - speed of the dance relative to the distance of sourceVervet alarm calls - signal by chirping to companions - a non random signal companions with calls specific to a certain predator - deliberate, flexible, and limited

Social Development

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Psychology
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Behavior
Biology
Ethology
Genetics
Attachment theory
Evolutionary biology
Human development
Psychoanalysis
Phenotype
Health
Social Issues
Education
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cognitive science

Preliminaries: why study development? Reasons to study development: reminder & to elaboration- understanding: to know a trait, know how it emerged: as a result of history and biologyUsing to treat disabilities, and to improve education - genes affect phenotype - The challenge: Social knowledge; social behavior: What do we need to know?We need to know the behavior and how it (change), the environment in which the behavior is changing, and biology (e.g. Brain)

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