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History of the United States

Elections of 1824-1840

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Election of 1824: Candidates: John Quincy Adams (MA) Republican Henry Clay (KY) Republican William Crawford (GA) Republican Andrew Jackson (TN) Republican Issues: Both clay and Adams were nationalists who sponsored roads, canals, and education, which were powers that strengthened the Federal government The increase in building roads and canals would lead to a rise in tariffs, which Adams supported Jackson supported state rights and was against tariffs, road building, and a national education Outcome: Jackson won popular vote BUT the vote was split between 4 republican candidates, there was no majority of electoral votes. The House of Representatives voted and Adams won. Significance: No longer a Federalist party Era of Good Feeling ended

Reconstruction

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Max Breitmayer AP US 1st Period January 4, 2011 Reconstruction: The Second Civil War Forty Acres and a Mule On January 16th, 1865 William Tecumseh Sherman, a Union war general, issued ?Special Orders, No. 15? which guaranteed families of freed slave who fought in his army forty acres of tillable land, as well a mule. This plan was implemented as Union traveled through Southern territories; thousands of freed slaves joined their cause in the battle against the Confederacy. In actuality this plan was set up to handle the problem of repaying the mass of refugees. At this point in American history, land was plentiful and the Army had a surplus of unneeded mules, which the freed slaves could use for agricultural needs.

Articles of Confederation

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The Articles of Confederation Agreed to by Congress November 15, 1777; ratified and in force, March 1, 1781. Preamble To all to whom these Presents shall come, we the undersigned Delegates of the States affixed to our Names send greeting. Whereas the Delegates of the United States of America in Congress assembled did on the fifteenth day of November in the Year of our Lord One Thousand Seven Hundred and Seventy seven, and in the Second Year of the Independence of America, agree to certain articles of Confederation and perpetual Union between the States of New Hampshire, Massachusetts-bay, Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia, in the words following, viz:

Tariffs (through 1846) and Politics in the 1840s

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Tariffs (through 1846) and Politics in the 1840s Tariff Rates (1816-1846) 1816 (25%)- 1st truly protective tariff in history of country, part of Clay’s American System 1828 (45-50%)- Tariff of Abominations, election trick pushed through by Jackson supporters in Congress to blame John Quincy Adams for the high rate, causes the nullification crisis 1832 (35-40%)- 1st compromise tariff to settle nullification crisis, South still not satisfied 1833 (25%)- Henry Clay’s famous compromise to defuse the nullification crisis, Force Bill/Bloody Bill attached to the passage of this tariff 1842 (32%)- passed under Tyler administration, actually favors south because rate kept relatively low even though there were calls for a much higher rate

Practice Test 1.9

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PRACTICE TEST 1.9 01. The first nationality excluded from immigrating to the United States was the (A) Japanese (B) Mexicans (C) Chinese (D) Haitians (E) Ottoman Turks. 02. The basic viewpoint of the U.S. Supreme court in the 1920's was to (A) Uphold the anti trust laws (B) favor the position of organized labor (C) overturn progressive laws (D) support the government involvement in business (E) refuse to consider cases involving labor disputes. 03. The American Anti-slavery movement split in 1840 largely over the issue of (A) the participation of women (B) gradual vs. immediate emancipation (C) civil rights for free blacks in the North (D) Support for the black abolitionists (E) backing for Martin Van Buren for President.

Practice Test 1.2

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Practice Test 1.2 01. The Dred Scott decision held that a slave (A) could sue for his freedom in the courts (B) became free when transported to free territory (C) was private property when even in a free territory (D) was a citizen when in free territory (E) could not be transported when in a slave state. 02. Open-range ranching came to an end due to (A) overproduction of beef and declining prices (B) federal support for irrigated agriculture (C) the range wars between cattlemen and sheepherders (D) fencing the plains with barb wire (E) increase in cattle production in the Midwest and East.

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