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Ribosome

protein synthesis

Subject: 
Biology
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Biology
Protein biosynthesis
Gene expression
Molecular biology
Genetics
RNA
Translation
Messenger RNA
Transfer RNA
Genetic code
Ribosome
Gene
health

14.1 Structure of ribonucleic acid The genetic code Sequence of nucleotides in DNA forms a code that determines the sequence of amino acids in the proteins. In eukaryotes the DNA code is largely confined to the nucleus. The synthesis of proteins takes place in the cytoplasm. Sections of the DNA code are transcribed onto a single-stranded molecule called ribonucleic acid RNA. There are a number of types of RNA. The one that transfers the DNA code from the nucleus to the cytoplasm acts as a type of messenger and is called messenger RNA (mRNA). This mRNA is small enough to leave the nucleus through the nuclear pores and to enter the cytoplasm, where the code that it contains is used to determine the sequence of amino acids in the proteins which are synthesised there.

Animal Cell Organelle Functions Chart

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Biology
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Biology
anatomy
organelles
cell
Cytoplasm
Lysosome
Endomembrane system
Endoplasmic reticulum
mitochondrion
Ribosome
Nucleolus
Golgi apparatus
health
Technology

Name Function Description Cell Membrane The membrane at the boundary of every cell that acts as a selective barrier regulating the cells chemical composition. Cytoplasm The Cytoplasm offers support to the cell and speeds up inter-cellular travel. It allows the cell to take up 3-dimensional space and the cell's many organelles to "float" freely throughout. Mitochondria Where the cell creates most of the energy (ATP), also known as the ?powerhouse? of the cell. Nucleus This is where all the DNA is kept and translated into mRNA. Golgi Apparatus Stores and sends out proteins using vestical transport. Lysosomes Filled with digestive enzymes, Lysosomes function to get rid of waste and break down large macromolecules. Endoplasmic Reticulum

Cell Components

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Biology
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organelles
Cell Biology
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cell
Membrane biology
Eukaryote
bacteria
Cytoskeleton
Ribosome
Flagellum
health

Components of Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells Cell Component Main Functions Prokaryotic Eukaryotic Bacteria, Archaea Protists Fungi Plants Animals Cell Wall Protection, structural support # # X X ---- Plasma Membrane Control of substances moving into & out of cell X X X X X Nucleus Physical separation of DNA of cytoplasm ----! X X X X DNA Encodes hereditary info X X X X X Nucleolus Assembly of ribosome subunits ---- X X X X Ribosome Protein synthesis X X X X X Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Synthesis, modification of membrane proteins, lipid synthesis ---- X X X X Golgi Body Final modification of membrane proteins; sorting, packaging lipids & proteins into vesicles ---- X X X X

API Marieb Notes Chapter 3

Subject: 
Biology
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Protein biosynthesis
Gene expression
Membrane biology
Molecular biology
Cell Biology
Ribosome
cell
Translation
Messenger RNA
Nuclear pore
Gene
health

Chapter 3: Cells Required Readings: pgs. 61 ? 77 and 81 - 106 Questions: Check your understanding #1, 3 ? 5, 8, 13, 17 ? 19, and 26 ? 31 Review questions #1 ? 6, 8, 10, 11, 13 ? 17, 21 ? 24; #8 Vocabulary terms: Cell Exocytosis Ribosomes Cell theory Endocytosis Cilia Plasma membrane Phagocytosis Flagella Selective permeability Pinocytosis Interphase Concentration gradient Receptor-mediated endocytosis G0 phase Homeostasis Microvilli G1 phase Integral proteins Tight junctions S phase Peripheral proteins Desmosomes G2 phase Hydrophobic tails Gap junctions Mitosis Hydrophilic heads Cytoplasm Mitotic phase Passive transport Nucleus Prophase Active transport Nuclear envelope Metaphase Solvent Nuclear pore Anaphase Solute

Campbell Biology Ch 6 Study Guide

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Biology
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organelles
Membrane biology
Cell Biology
cell
Endomembrane system
mitochondrion
Cytoplasm
plant cell
Ribosome
Cytoskeleton
Eukaryote
health

CHAPTER 6 A TOUR OF THE CELL Learning objectives: How We Study Cells Distinguish between magnification and resolution. Magnification is how large it appears, resolution is how clear. Describe the principles, advantages, and limitations of the light microscope, transmission electron microscope, and scanning electron microscope. Light Microscope: Visible light comes through the bottom up to the lens. Can magnify up to 1000x and study living cells, but cannot view smaller objects such as cell organelles.

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