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Confucius

WHAP Stearns Chapter 2 outline

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AP World History - Stearns Chapter 2 ? Classical Civilization: China I. Introduction ? longest-lived civilization in history A. Isolated 1. Couldn?t learn from other cultures 2. Rare invasions 3. Distinctive identity 4. Relatively little internal chaos w/ decline of Shang dynasty a. Greatest links to classical society B. Intellectual theory 1. Harmony of nature ? yin and yang ? balance 2. Seek Dao ? the way a. Avoid excess b. Appreciate balance of opposites c. Humans part of world, not on outside ? like Mediterranean Thesis: China emerged with an unusually well-integrated system in which government, philosophy, economic incentives, the family, and the individual were intended to blend into a harmonious whole. II. Patterns in Classical China

Chapter 3- Classical China

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Zhou Dynasty: 1122 BCE-256 BCE Ended in warfare (Warring states period) Created the mandated rule (from heaven) that imperial China kept Cultural unity Banned human sacrifice Legalism was formed as a result of the Zhou fall Qin Dynasty: Qin Shi Huangdi took over 35 years after the last Zhou emperor Supported legalist ideas Took over feudal estates Powerful armies Extended south Built great wall Census Established coinage, measures and weights Uniformed written script Furthered agriculture Promoted silk manufacturing Burned books Attacked intellectuals High taxes Died by taking mercury pills to extend his life (210 BCE) Han Dynasty: 202 BCE-220 CE Retained centralization but encouraged intellectual structure Expanded territory Allowed contact with India and Parthian empire

Chapter 3- Classical China

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Zhou Dynasty: 1122 BCE-256 BCE Ended in warfare (Warring states period) Created the mandated rule (from heaven) that imperial China kept Cultural unity Banned human sacrifice Legalism was formed as a result of the Zhou fall Qin Dynasty: Qin Shi Huangdi took over 35 years after the last Zhou emperor Supported legalist ideas Took over feudal estates Powerful armies Extended south Built great wall Census Established coinage, measures and weights Uniformed written script Furthered agriculture Promoted silk manufacturing Burned books Attacked intellectuals High taxes Died by taking mercury pills to extend his life (210 BCE) Han Dynasty: 202 BCE-220 CE Retained centralization but encouraged intellectual structure Expanded territory Allowed contact with India and Parthian empire

chapt.5.outline

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Chapter 5
The Classical Period: Directions, Diversities, and Declines by 500 C.E. I. Expansion and Integration a. Key point – how did classical civilizations adjust to expansion i. Between 550>400 BCE Confucius, Laozi, Buddha, Socrates 1. Need to articulate central values b. How did they all unite? i. China – more centralized ii. Mediterranean – more localized/diverse iii. India – key religious values – not as vulnerable to collapse – like Rome c. What are the two challenges of integration? i. Territorial – how to command 1. China – language for elite, resettlement 2. Rome – local autonomy, tolerance 3. India – spread caste system ii. Social – inequality between men/women – upper/lower class 1. China – hierarchy – deference – obedience – Confucian

Earth and It's Peoples 3rd edition: Ch.5 China PERSIAN NOTES

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PERSIAN Chart AP World History Culture/Civilization: Imperial China Date: 9/12/10 POLITICAL Leaders, Elites State Structure War Diplomacy, Treaties Courts, Laws -Qin and Han governments demanded that peasant families supply men for labor and military service. -Census was held periodically. -Warring States Period (480 ? 221 B.C.E.) -Qin unified China because of the ruthlessness of Shi Huangdi and his prime minister Li Si. The Qin also had experience in mobilizing large amounts of manpower. -Qin established strong centralized state (Legalist).
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