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Spore

Protista and Fungi Notes

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19.1: Protists The World of Protists What is a Protist? Kingdom Protista contains the most diverse group of organisms of all kingdoms Most are unicellular (diatoms), but some are multicellular (giant kelp). Some are heterotrophs, some are autotrophs and others are both. The characteristic that all protists share is that they are eukaryotes Protists are divided into animal-like protists, funguslike protists and plantlike protists. Protozoa: animal-like protist, all are unicellular Algae: plant-like protists, do not have roots, stems and leaves Unicellular algae produce most of the world?s oxygen and are the basis for aquatic food chains Fungus-like protists are able to move at some point in their life and do not have chitin in their cell walls What is a protozoan?

Fungi Notes

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20.1: Fungi What is a fungus? The Characteristics of Fungi Fungi are eukaryotes, use spores to reproduce and are heterotrophs. Fungi need moist, warm places to grow Most are multicellular, yeasts are unicellular Hyphae: branching threadlike tubes that make up the bodies of multicellular fungi Fuzzy looking molds have loosely tangled hyphae. The stalk and cap of mushrooms are closely packed hyphae. Mycelium: a complex network of branching hyphae may serve to anchor the fungus, invade food sources, form reproductive structures Cell walls of must fungi contain a complex carbohydrate called chitin Cross walls called septa divide hyphae into individual cells that contain one or more nuclei Pores in the septa let cytoplasm, organelles and nutrients flow throughout the fungus

Biology - Modern Plants

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Modern Plants Bryophytes (mosses) and Relatives Pteridophyta (Ferns) and Relatives Gymnosperms and Relatives Angiosperms and Relatives Examples Mosses, Liverworts, Hornworts Ferns, Psilotum (whisk fern), Lycopodium, Equisetum (horsetails) Conifers, Gingko, cycads Flowering plants, grasses, hardwoods Transport(xylem and phloem) Mostly Nonvascular Vascular Vascular Vascular Life Cycle Gametophyte (N) dominant Sporophyte dominant, small separate Gametophyte Sporophyte dominant Sporophyte dominant Spores or Seeds Spores Spores Seeds Seeds Fertilization Water Water Wind (Pollination) Wind/ animals (Flowers) Dispersal Water/ Wind Spores Water/ Wind Spores Wind Seeds Wind/ animals (Fruits) Seeds

Fungus Lecture

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Lecture 5 ? Kingdom of Fungi HW 1. Explain what a pseudohypha is. -A chain of yeast formed when buds remain attached in a row. 2. Explain what a ?dimorphic fungus? is. -It can take either form (yeast or hyphae), depending upon growth conditions, such as changing temperature. 3. What are mycoses? Fungal infections in the way the agent enters the body and the degree of tissue involvement. 4. What are the three most common sexual spores? -Zygospores, ascospores, and basidiospores 5. Give six types of asexual mold spores. -Arthrospore; Chlamydospore, Blastospore, phialospore, micro/macroconidium; porospores 6. What are zygospores?
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