Protista

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Plastid

Chapter 25: The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes Overview: Shape Changers Because eukaryotes have internal membranes, they can perform a wide variety of tasks that prokaryotes are unable to perform. An example is a Didinium eating a larger Paramecium The cytoskeleton allows the Didinium to change its shape enough to engulf the Paramecium Concept 25.1 Eukaryotes arose by endosymbiosis more than 1.8 billion years ago Endosymbiosis in Eukaryotic Evolution There is now considerable evidence that much protist diversity has its origins in endosymbiosis Endosymbiosis is the process in which a unicellular organism engulfs another cell, which becomes an endosymbiont and then organelle in the host cell Mitochondria evolved by endosymbiosis of an aerobic prokaryote

Protista and Fungi Notes

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Spore

Fungus

19.1: Protists The World of Protists What is a Protist? Kingdom Protista contains the most diverse group of organisms of all kingdoms Most are unicellular (diatoms), but some are multicellular (giant kelp). Some are heterotrophs, some are autotrophs and others are both. The characteristic that all protists share is that they are eukaryotes Protists are divided into animal-like protists, funguslike protists and plantlike protists. Protozoa: animal-like protist, all are unicellular Algae: plant-like protists, do not have roots, stems and leaves Unicellular algae produce most of the world?s oxygen and are the basis for aquatic food chains Fungus-like protists are able to move at some point in their life and do not have chitin in their cell walls What is a protozoan?

Protist Notes

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Ciliate

Euglena

Disaster

Protist Notes Protists Protists belong to the Kingdom Protista, which includes mostly unicellular organisms that do not fit into the other kingdoms. Characteristics of Protists mostly unicellular, some are multicellular (algae) can be heterotrophic or autotrophic most live in water (though some live in moist soil or even the human body) ALL are eukaryotic (have a nucleus) A protist is any organism that is not a plant, animal or fungus Protista?= the very first Classification of Protists how they obtain nutrition how they move Animallike Protists - also called protozoa (means "first animal") - heterotrophs Plantlike Protists - also called algae - autotrophs Funguslike Protists - heterotrophs, decomposers, external digestion .Animallike Protists: Protozoans

Protista Notes

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Multicellular organism

19.1: Protists The World of Protists What is a Protist? Kingdom Protista contains the most diverse group of organisms of all kingdoms Most are unicellular (diatoms), but some are multicellular (giant kelp). Some are heterotrophs, some are autotrophs and others are both. The characteristic that all protists share is that they are eukaryotes Protists are divided into animal-like protists, funguslike protists and plantlike protists. Protozoa: animal-like protist, all are unicellular Algae: plant-like protists, do not have roots, stems and leaves Unicellular algae produce most of the world?s oxygen and are the basis for aquatic food chains Fungus-like protists are able to move at some point in their life and do not have chitin in their cell walls What is a protozoan?

Origins of Eukaryotic Diversity

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Eukaryotic Diversity Campbell AP Biology

Overview: AWorld in a Drop of Water ? In the past, taxonomists classified all protists in a single kingdom, Protista. ? However, it is now clear that Protista is in fact paraphyletic. ? Some protists are more closely related to plants, fungi, or animals than they are to other protists. ? As a result, the kingdom Protista has been abandoned. ? Various lineages are recognized as kingdoms in their own right. ? Scientists still use the convenient term protist informally to refer to eukaryotes that are not plants, animals, or fungi. Concept 28.1 Protists are an extremely diverse assortment of eukaryotes ? Protists exhibit more structural and functional diversity than any other group of organisms.

Campbell Biology Chapter 28

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