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Molecular biology

Translation Lab

Subject: 
Biology
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Biology
biochemistry
Gene expression
Protein biosynthesis
Molecular genetics
Nitrogen metabolism
Molecular biology
Genetic code
Amino acid
Proteinogenic amino acid
Translation
Stop codon

Zoe Collins Zoe Collins Assignment 1 Would two nucleotides at a time be sufficient to provide enough codons to code for all 20 amino acids? Why or why not? How many amino acids could be coded for by codons containing only two nucleotides? Will three nucleotides per codon work? Why or why not?Explain your answers.

Chapter 19 Viruses

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Biology
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Biology
Bacteriophages
microbiology
Virology
Molecular biology
Caudovirales
Lytic cycle
Virus
Lysogenic cycle
Provirus
Prophage
RNA virus
health

Viruses Chapter 19 Wow Are they alive???? Viruses are little more than genes packed into protein coats They lack the structures and metabolic activity found in most cells But they infect a host Cause a variety of diseases And can kill So it would be better to say they are in a nebulous state Not alive, not dead But instead living a borrowed life Structure Unlike bacteria Viruses cannot be cultured in media They need a host Not just nutrients The first isolated virus Was Tobacco Mosaic Virus Many viruses are smaller than a ribosome Millions can fit on a pin head Many viruses do not have the typical genome They can have double stranded DNA Single stranded DNA Single stranded RNA Double stranded RNA Can be called a DNA or RNA virus Depending on what it has

TEST BANK

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Biology
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Biology
Genetics
DNA Replication
Gene expression
Molecular biology
RNA
DNA
Replication fork
Okazaki fragments
Sense
Messenger RNA
Gene

Biology, 7e (Campbell) Chapter 17: From Gene to Protein 7) Which of the following represents a similarity between RNA and DNA? D) nucleotides consisting of a phosphate, sugar, and nitrogenous base 9) Using RNA as a template for protein synthesis instead of translating proteins directly from the DNA is advantageous for the cell because B) RNA acts as an expendable copy of the genetic material, allowing the DNA to serve as a permanent, pristine repository of the genetic material. C) many mRNA molecules can be transcribed from a single gene, increasing the potential rate of gene expression. D) B and C only

Protein Synthesis

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Biology
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Biology
biochemistry
Protein biosynthesis
Gene expression
Molecular biology
RNA
Molecular genetics
Translation
Messenger RNA
Transfer RNA
Ribosome
Amino acid
health

Protein Synthesis What are proteins? An organic molecule Building block is amino acids Examples: Enzymes Antibodies Hemoglobin Part of Cell Membrane Structural (Collagen) How Are Proteins Made? The instructions for building a protein are found on a gene (DNA). RNA copies the DNA code to make a protein. Step 1 of Protein Synthesis The 1st step is called TRANSCRIPTION Transcription (Transcribe) how would we define? Transcription The information in DNA must be written into mRNA code DNA strand mRNA Who is involved in Transcription? DNA and mRNA mRNA goes to the nucleus to copy DNA and takes the codons to the ribosome Step 2 of Protein Synthesis The 2nd step is called TRANSLATION Translation (Translate) how would we define? Translation

Principles of life: Chapter 13: biotechnology test

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Biology
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Biology
Molecular biology
Plasmid
Molecular cloning
Polymerase chain reaction
Restriction enzyme
Recombinant DNA
Genetics
DNA methylation
DNA
Restriction fragment length polymorphism
Restriction fragment
health
#AP Biology #AP Bio #Biology #Study Guide #campbell # principles of life

Campbell's Biology, 9e (Reece et al.) Chapter 20 Biotechnology The new questions in Chapter 20 cover all of the chapter?s concepts and are primarily at the higher skill levels. In addition, the chapter presents several scenarios that are accompanied by a series of questions. Multiple-Choice Questions 1) Assume that you are trying to insert a gene into a plasmid. Someone gives you a preparation of genomic DNA that has been cut with restriction enzyme X. The gene you wish to insert has sites on both ends for cutting by restriction enzyme Y. You have a plasmid with a single site for Y, but not for X. Your strategy should be to A) insert the fragments cut with restriction enzyme X directly into the plasmid without cutting the plasmid.

Freshman Biology

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Biology
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Biology
biochemistry
Genetics
Gene expression
Protein biosynthesis
Molecular biology
RNA
Molecular genetics
Translation
Transfer RNA
Messenger RNA
Start codon
final review

THE BIG PICTURE DNA RNA PROTEIN Replication Transcription Translation Nucleotide Structure SUGAR Ribose in RNA Deoxyribose in DNA PHOSPHATE BASE Function of DNA Replication Produce 2 DNA molecules identical to the parent molecule Each will be distributed to 2 new cells during mitosis & 4 gametes during meiosis Two things can happen to DNA: Replication - so that the cell can divide Transcription ? so that the code for making a protein can be sent into the cell TRANSCRIPTION Function Produce a temporary RNA copy complimentary to part of 1 DNA strand mRNA will be used to take DNA code to ribosome & make protein Transcription animation http://www.stolaf.edu/people/giannini/flashanimat/molgenetics/transcription.swf Steps (in Nucleus)

protein synthesis

Subject: 
Biology
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Biology
Protein biosynthesis
Gene expression
Molecular biology
Genetics
RNA
Translation
Messenger RNA
Transfer RNA
Genetic code
Ribosome
Gene
health

14.1 Structure of ribonucleic acid The genetic code Sequence of nucleotides in DNA forms a code that determines the sequence of amino acids in the proteins. In eukaryotes the DNA code is largely confined to the nucleus. The synthesis of proteins takes place in the cytoplasm. Sections of the DNA code are transcribed onto a single-stranded molecule called ribonucleic acid RNA. There are a number of types of RNA. The one that transfers the DNA code from the nucleus to the cytoplasm acts as a type of messenger and is called messenger RNA (mRNA). This mRNA is small enough to leave the nucleus through the nuclear pores and to enter the cytoplasm, where the code that it contains is used to determine the sequence of amino acids in the proteins which are synthesised there.

Ch03-Macromolecules-OnlineQuiz

Subject: 
Biology
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Biology
Chemistry
Genetics
Molecular biology
Origin of life
RNA
Abiogenesis
Evolutionary biology
Amino acid
Protein
organism
DNA

11/8/13, 10:04 AMCh03-Macromolecules and the Origin of Life - Page 1 of 8http://qsg.qm4.qm3-assessments.bfwpub.com/q4/session.dll Ch03-Macromolecules and the Origin of Life completed Total score: 16 out of 20, 80% 1 of 20 Which of the amino acids listed below would, when incorporated into a polypeptide chain (not at the N- or C-terminus), make the charge of the polypeptide more positive? a. Alanine b. Arginine c. Aspartate d. Serine e. Cysteine 1 out of 1 Correct. Textbook Reference: 3.2 What Are the Chemical Structures and Functions of Proteins? p. 43 2 of 20 Nucleotides are composed of a. amino acids. b. nucleic acids. c. a phosphate, a sugar and a base. d. a base and phosphate. e. fatty acids and a base. 1 out of 1

2002 nobel prize information: bio

Subject: 
Biology
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Chemistry
Laboratory techniques
Science
Ion source
Proteins
Protein structure
Molecular biology
Koichi Tanaka
Mass spectrometry
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization
Soft laser desorption
Nuclear magnetic resonance
BIology Nobel Prize Abstract

10/1/13 The 2002 Nobel Prize in Chemistry - Popular Information www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/2002/popular.html 1/10 The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2002 John B. Fenn, Koichi Tanaka, Kurt W?thrich ( nglish Swedish Popular Information Information for tK H PuEliF 9 October 2002 The Nobel Prize in Chemistry for 2002 is being shared between scientists in two important fields: mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The Laureates, John B. Fenn and Koichi Tanaka (for MS) and Kurt W?thrich (for NMR), have contributed in different ways to the further development of these methods to embrace biological macromolecules. This has meant a revolutionary breakthrough, making

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