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Educational psychology

AP Psychology Semester One

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Chapter 1- Thinking Critically 1. Phrenology: A theory that claimed bumps on the skull could reveal our mental abilities and our character traits. 2. Historical figures: - John Locke ("blank slate"): Believed that the at birth the mind was a blank slate, and that our brains grew and developed based on our experiences. The blank slate idea was called the ?tabular-raza? - Charles Darwin (evolution/adaptations): survival of the fittest - Wilhelm Wundt (structuralism and ?father? of psychology): Interested in studying people?s mental experiences. He used a method known as ?introspection? which had subjects engage in self-examination and describe their conscious experiences such as thinking feeling and perceiving.

AP Psycholgy Chapter 4 Notes

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DEVELOPMENT Developmental psych-studies physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the life span Issue #1: Nature v. Nurture- how to genetic inheritance and experience influence our behavior John Locke ? tabula rasa (blank slate)?nurture Jean-Jacques Rousseau ? children should be allowed to grow as their nature dictates, don?t interfere-nature John B. Watson? everything is learned Issue #2: Continuity v. discontinuity (stage theorists) Continuity ? development is very gradual and there are few, if any, dramatic shifts in development (like riding an escalator) Discontinuity ? specific stages in cognitive and moral development- do our early personality traits persist through life, or do we become different as we age

AP Psychology Chapter 4: Development

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DEVELOPMENT Developmental psych-studies physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the life span Issue #1: Nature v. Nurture- how to genetic inheritance and experience influence our behavior John Locke ? tabula rasa (blank slate)?nurture Jean-Jacques Rousseau ? children should be allowed to grow as their nature dictates, don?t interfere-nature John B. Watson? everything is learned Issue #2: Continuity v. discontinuity (stage theorists) Continuity ? development is very gradual and there are few, if any, dramatic shifts in development (like riding an escalator) Discontinuity ? specific stages in cognitive and moral development- do our early personality traits persist through life, or do we become different as we age

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