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Microtubule

Campbell Biology 9th Edition Chapter 6

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Biology
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Cell biology
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Cytoskeleton
Membrane biology
Protein complexes
Cell
Microtubule
Actin
Endomembrane system
Eukaryote

A Tour of the Cell Chapter 6 Concept 6.2: Eukaryotic cells have internal membranes that compartmentalize their functions The basic structural and functional unit of every organism is one of two types of cells: prokaryotic or eukaryotic Only organisms of the domains Bacteria and Archaea consist of prokaryotic cells Protists, fungi, animals, and plants all consist of eukaryotic cells ? 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Comparing Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells Basic features of all cells Plasma membrane Semifluid substance called cytosol Chromosomes (carry genes) Ribosomes (make proteins) ? 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Prokaryotic cells are characterized by having No nucleus DNA in an unbound region called the nucleoid No membrane-bound organelles

Campbell Biology 9th Edition Chapter 6

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Biology
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Anatomy
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Cell biology
Organelles
Membrane biology
Cytoskeleton
Endomembrane system
Cell membrane
Cell
Microtubule
Eukaryote
Endoplasmic reticulum

CHAPTER 6: A TOUR OF THE CELL Overview: The Fundamental Units of Life All organisms are made of cells The cell is the simplest collection of matter that can be alive Cell structure is correlated to cellular function All cells are related by their descent from earlier cells Concept 6.1: Biologists use microscopes and the tools of biochemistry to study cells Though usually too small to be seen by the unaided eye, cells can be complex Microscopy Scientists use microscopes to visualize cells too small to see with the naked eye In a light microscope (LM), visible light is passed through a specimen and then through glass lenses Lenses refract (bend) the light, so that the image is magnified Three important parameters of microscopy

Cytoskelaton

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Microtubule
Actin
Tubulin
Cytokinesis
Intermediate filament
Protein filament
Motor protein
Microfilament

3/22/16 Cytoskeleton - a system of protein filaments that extend through cytosol The cytoskeleton helps support the large volume of cytosol inside a cell Most prominent in eukaryotic cells However, unlike our static skeleton, the cytoskeleton is dynamic Cytoskeletal filaments are made of noncovalently-linked subunits *allows for rapid assembly and disassembly* Filaments can disassemble and reassemble in different locations in cell Cytoskeleton Functions maintains cell SHAPE & RIGIDITY A framework connecting the plasma membrane to the organelles CELLULAR MOVEMENT MOTILITY: whole cell i.e. amoeba or sperm ? cilia/flagella intracellular structures - chromosomes, vesicles CONTRACTILITY - movement involving contraction of a cell muscle - tissue, cleavage furrow.

Unit 1 Biology Review

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An Overview of Eucaryotic Cell Structure Eucaryotic cells have membrane-delimited nuclei In addition to the nucleus, eucaryotic cells have other membrane-bound organelles that perform specific functions within the cells; this allows simultaneous independent control The large membrane surface area of eucaryotic cells allows greater respiratory and photosynthetic activity The Cytoplasmic Matrix, Microfilaments, Intermediate Filaments, and Microtubules The cytoplasmic matrix, although superficially featureless, provides the complex environment required for many cellular activities Microfilaments (4 to 7 nm) may be scattered throughout the matrix or organized into networks and parallel arrays; they play a major role in cell motion and cell shape changes
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