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anatomy

Specific & non specific immunity

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Biology
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Biology
anatomy
immune system
Macrophage
Lymphocyte
Phagocyte
B cell
Meiosis
Innate immune system
Cell-mediated immunity
Humoral immunity
T helper cell
health
body defence

Gurjit Singh Mitosis and meiosis Karen McLeary Produce an annotated word document or draw an annotated poster showing and explain the stages of mitosis and meiosis, explain how the behaviour of chromosomes leads to variation in cells. In mitosis the new cells being produce will be identically same to their parent cell. The DNA is exactly the same as the parent cell. There are five phases that it occurs in ? prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. In prophase, the chromosomes become condensed, and discrete. The nucleoli disappear with each chromosome appears as two identical sister chromatids joined at the centromere.

ApBo

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Biology
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immune system
anatomy
Immunology
Biology
Medicine
Antigenic variation
Antigen
Adaptive immune system
Autoimmunity
Antibody
Passive immunity
B cell
health

Chapter 43 TheImmuneSystem 43-3,4 Active/Passive Immunization Active immunity : defenses that arise when a pathogen infects the body and prompts a primary or secondary immune response Passive immunity : antibodies guard against pathogens that have never infected them (lasts as long as antibodies last) ? Example: mother?s IgG & IgA antibodies to baby Artificial active immunity: immunization (vaccination) Antigens used to make vaccines Artificial passive immunity: inject antibodies from an animal already immune into another animal ? Short-term but immediate Polyclonal/Monoclonal Antibodies : Polyclonal or monoclonal Polyclonal : products of many different clones of plasma cells Monoclonal : made from a single clone of B cells grown in culture

Biology 2

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Biology
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Classical genetics
Biology
Earlobe
Cleft chin
anatomy
Hair
Cleft
Recessive
Dominance
Human genetics

Feature Trait Total Trait Total Earlobes Free Earlobes 17 Attached Earlobes 3 Hair on Knuckles Hair present between second and third knuckle of fingers 17 No hair present between second and third knuckle of fingers 3 Hair Line Widow's Peak 6 Straight Hair Line 14 Hair Texture Curly Hair 11 Straight Hair 9 Chin Shape Cleft Chin 6 No cleft Chin 14 Family Member Earlobes Hair on knuckles Hair Line Hair Texture Chin Shape Father Free Yes Widow's Peak Straight No Cleft Mother Free Yes Straight Curly No Cleft Son Attached Yes Straight Straight No Cleft Daughter Free Yes Straight Curly No Cleft Feature Trait % Trait % Earlobes Free Earlobes 85% Attached Earlobes 15% Hair on Knuckles

Biology Campbell Test Bank With Answers Chpt. 41

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Biology
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Biology
Medicine
anatomy
Digestive system
nutrition
health
Health sciences
Self-care
Human nutrition
Digestive enzyme
Digestion
Vitamin B12
AP Biology test bank

Campbell's Biology, 9e (Reece et al.) Chapter 41 Animal Nutrition Chapter 41 relates the energetic and nutritional needs of animals with the evolutionary adaptations that optimize nutrient ingestion, digestion, absorption, and distribution of nutrients. The locations and specializations of organs and tissues along the gastrointestinal tract are detailed, as are the regulatory mechanisms that coordinate functions. Multiple-Choice Questions 1) In a well-fed human eating a Western diet, the richest source of stored chemical energy in the body is A) fat in adipose tissue. B) glucose in the blood. C) protein in muscle cells. D) glycogen in muscle cells. E) calcium phosphate in bone. Answer: A Topic: Concept 41.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

Respiratory System Overview

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Biology
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anatomy
human anatomy
Biology
Respiratory system
Respiration
Thorax
Head and neck
Respiratory tract
Breathing
Lung
Conducting zone
Lower respiratory tract
health

By: Chlo? Durfee Sydney Modder Ramya Ramesh Megumi Sharma Chase Damis The Respiratory System Larynx (Voice Box) Connects pharynx to trachea Provides airway Prevents food from entering respiratory tract Produces sound Pharynx (throat) Provides passageway for respiratory and digestive tracts Tube like structure that connects nasal and oral cavities to larynx Coordinates breathing and swallowing while eating Larynx/Pharynx Larynx/Pharynx Epiglottis Blocks food and liquids from entering the trachea Spoon-like structure Epiglottis Lungs Pair of spongy, air-filled organs. Located on either side of thorax. Covered by thin tissue called pleura. Pull in oxygen and absorbs it into linings of lungs. Pushes oxygen into chambers of the heart so oxygen travels throughout the body.

Plant Form and Function

Subject: 
Biology
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Biology
anatomy
Plant Anatomy
Botany
Plant physiology
Tissues
Secondary growth
Meristem
Vascular cambium
plant cell
Vascular tissue
Bark
health
Campbell Biology 9th edition

Biology 225: Chapter 35 Q: What are the two systems of a plant and what are they responsible for? A: The Root System (roots) is responsible for absorbing water and minerals from the ground whereas the shoot system (the stems and leaves) is responsible for obtaining light and carbon dioxide from above the ground. Both systems cannot live without the other; the roots require sugar produced by photosynthesis which comes from the shoot system and the shoots require the water and minerals absorbed by the root system for survival. Q: What is the difference between an Angiosperm and a Gymnosperm? A: Vascular Plants with Seeds Gymnosperms Angiosperms

Gas Exchange and Circulation

Subject: 
Biology
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anatomy
Biology
Medicine
Angiology
Artery
Circulatory system
heart
Capillary
Respiratory system
Vein
Blood vessel
Blood
health
Campbell Biology 9th edition

Chapter Forty-Two: Circulation and Gas Exchange Preface All animals must exchange substances with the environment. Unicellular animals may directly exchange with the environment. Nutrients and oxygen enter through the plasma membrane to the cytoplasm while carbon dioxide and metabolic by-products exit from the cytoplasm through the plasma membrane. Multicellular organisms cannot exchange material at the cellular level and therefore rely on specialized systems that carry out exchange with the environment and transport the material from the sites of exchange to the rest of the body. Concept One: Circulatory systems link exchange surfaces with cells throughout the body

Animal Nutrition

Subject: 
Biology
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Biology
Digestive system
anatomy
Medicine
Digestive enzyme
Digestion
Human nutrition
Small intestine
Stomach
Human gastrointestinal tract
nutrition
Secretin
health
Campbell Biology 9th edition

Chapter Forty-One: Animal Nutrition Preface Nutrition: Food being taken in , taken apart, and taken up (Example: Bear chews skin muscles and other part of fish, breaking it down with acid and enzymes in digestive system and finally absorbing it into small molecules in its body) Animals eat other organisms (dead or alive) for energy and also the organic molecules used to assemble new molecules, cells and tissues. There are different types of animal diets; Herbivores: Animals that dine on mainly plants and algae (cattle, sea slugs, termites) Carnivores: Animals that dine on other animals (sharks, hawks,spiders) Omnivores: Animals which consume both plants and animals regularly (humans, crows, and cockroaches)

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Subject: 
Biology
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anatomy
Biology
Zoology
Animal physiology
Tissues
Thermoregulation
Endotherm
Brown adipose tissue
Adipose tissue
Warm-blooded
Ectotherm
Basal metabolic rate
health
Campbell Biology 9th edition

Chapter Forty: Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function Preface A jackrabbit?s ear not only provide the animal with an acute sense of hearing but also help it shed excess heat via the blood flowing in each ears network vessels which transfers heat into surrounding air. When air is warmer than jackrabbit (exceeding 40? C), the jackrabbit?s pink ears turn pale, reflecting a narrowing of the blood vessels in response to the environment allowing their ears to absorb heat without affecting the rest of the body. Once the air cools, blood flow increases again, helping to release heat. Anatomy: Study of biological structure Physiology: Study of biological function

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