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Amine

Organic Chemistry Lecture 19b

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Chemistry
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Functional groups
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Amine
Amide
Amination
Imine
Nitrile
Sulfonamide
Aniline

Chapter 19 * Alkylation of Amines by Alkyl Halides Even if just one equivalent of the halide is added, some amine molecules will react once, some will react twice, and some will react three times (to give the tetraalkylammonium salt). Chapter 19 * Examples of Useful Alkylations Exhaustive alkylation to form the tetraalkylammonium salt. Reaction with large excess of NH3 to form the primary amine. C H 3 C H 2 C H C H 2 C H 2 C H 3 N ( C H 3 ) 3 C H 3 C H 2 C H C H 2 C H 2 C H 3 N H 2 3 C H 3 I N a H C O 3 + _ I C H 3 C H 2 C H 2 B r N H 3 ( x s ) C H 3 C H 2 C H 2 N H 2 + N H 4 B r Chapter 19 Chapter 19 * Acylation of Amines Primary and secondary amines react with acid halides to form amides. This reaction is a nucleophilic acyl substitution. Chapter 19 *

Organic Chemistry Lecture 19b

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Alkene
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Haloalkane
Amine
Nucleophilic acyl substitution
Amide
Chapter 8 ? 2010, Prentice Hall Organic Chemistry, 7th Edition L. G. Wade, Jr. Reactions of Alkenes Chapter 8 * Bonding in Alkenes Electrons in pi bond are loosely held. The double bond acts as a nucleophile attacking electrophilic species. Carbocations are intermediates in the reactions. These reactions are called electrophilic additions. Chapter 8 Chapter 8 * Electrophilic Addition Step 1: Pi electrons attack the electrophile. Step 2: Nucleophile attacks the carbocation. Chapter 8 Chapter 8 * Types of Additions Chapter 8 Chapter 8 * Addition of HX to Alkenes Step 1 is the protonation of the double bond. The protonation step forms the most stable carbocation possible. In step 2, the nucleophile attacks the carbocation, forming an alkyl halide.

Organic Chemistry Lecture 19a

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Amine
Pyrrole
Pyridine
Nitrogen inversion
Electrophilic aromatic substitution
Heterocyclic amine
Ammonium
Lone pair
Oxaziridine

Chapter 19 ? 2010, Prentice Hall Organic Chemistry, 7th Edition L. G. Wade, Jr. Amines Chapter 19 * Biologically Active Amines The alkaloids are an important group of biologically active amines, mostly synthesized by plants to protect them from being eaten by insects and other animals. Many drugs of addiction are classified as alkaloids. Chapter 19 * Biological Activity of Amines Dopamine is a neurotransmitter. Epinephrine is a bioregulator. Niacin, Vitamin B6, is an amine. Alkaloids: nicotine, morphine, cocaine Amino acids Chapter 19 Chapter 19 * Classes of Amines Primary (1?): Has one alkyl group bonded to the nitrogen (RNH2). Secondary (2?): Has two alkyl groups bonded to the nitrogen (R2NH). Tertiary (3?): Has three alkyl groups bonded to the nitrogen (R3N).

Organic Chemistry Lecture 19

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Chemistry
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Chemistry
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Amine
Amide
Gabriel synthesis
Nitrile
Imine
Amination
Sulfonamide
Hofmann elimination
Ammonium

Chapter 19 ? 2010, Prentice Hall Organic Chemistry, 7th Edition L. G. Wade, Jr. Amines Chapter 19 * Biologically Active Amines The alkaloids are an important group of biologically active amines, mostly synthesized by plants to protect them from being eaten by insects and other animals. Many drugs of addiction are classified as alkaloids. Chapter 19 Chapter 19 * Biological Activity of Amines Dopamine is a neurotransmitter. Epinephrine is a bioregulator. Niacin, Vitamin B6, is an amine. Alkaloids: nicotine, morphine, cocaine Amino acids Chapter 19 Chapter 19 * Classes of Amines Primary (1?): Has one alkyl group bonded to the nitrogen (RNH2). Secondary (2?): Has two alkyl groups bonded to the nitrogen (R2NH). Tertiary (3?): Has three alkyl groups bonded to the nitrogen (R3N).

fonctions organiques

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Enol
Nitrile
Carboxylic acid
Thioester
Aldol

Fonctions organiques Alcane Cyclalcane Alc?nes Aromatiques Benz?ne Alcyne Alcool Ether Thiol Thioalcool Thioether Phenol Amines Aniline Ald?hydes C?tones Enol Equilibre Ceto-Enol Aldol (Ald?hyd-Alcool) Acides carboxyliques Diacides C?toacides Anhydre Ester Thioester Acides amin?s Peptides Nitrile Amides
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