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Industrialisation

chapter 30

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Foundations of industrialization Coal critical to the early industrialization of Britain Shift from wood to coal in eighteenth century; deforestation caused wood shortages Abundant, accessible coal reserves in Britain Overseas colonies provided raw materials Plantations in the Americas provided sugar and cotton Colonies also became markets for British manufactured goods Grain, timber, and beef shipped from United States to Britain after 1830 Demand for cheap cotton spurred mechanization of cotton industry John Kay invented the flying shuttle, 1733 Samuel Crompton invented the spinning "mule," 1779 Edmund Cartwright invented a water-driven power loom, 1785 James Watt's steam engine, 1765 Burned coal, which drove a piston, which turned a wheel

euro 20

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Chapter 20 The Industrial Revolution and Its Impact on European Society The Industrial Revolution in Great Britain Origins agricultural revolution rapid population growth surplus labor ready supply of capital for investment in new industrial machines and factories ample supplies of important mineral resources abundant rivers Parliament provided stable government; protected private property colonies provided a market as well as raw materials Technological Changes and New Forms of Industrial Organization The Cotton Industry James Hargreaves? spinning jenny Richard Arkwright?s water frame spinning machine Edmund Cartwright?s power loom concentration of labor in factories new towns grew up around factories The Steam Engine

The Industrial Revolution

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The Industrial Revolution (1780-1850): Overview of the Industrial Revolution: Machines began to replace humans in the manufacturing of goods. Use of the Steam Engine for producing textiles in the 1780s was the turning point. Europe Gradually transitioned from an agricultural and commercial society into a modern industrial society. By the Mid 19th Century, industrialism had spread all across Europe. The economic changes of the industrial revolution did more than any other movement to revolutionize life in Europe and western civilization. Roots of the Industrial Revolution: Begins with the Commercial Revolution (1500-1700) Price Revolution (Inflation) Rise of capitalism Scientific Revolution Increased in population Cottage Industry New Technology
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