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History of the United States

America's Past and Present Chapter 14 Summary

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????????????Small sectional cracks became nationally dividing crevices by the 1850s. The North and South?s clashes over allowing slavery in the territories threatened the nation?s unity. Many attempts to quell sectional aggression arose, including the Compromise of 1850. However, every attempt proved to be of no use and the nation continued to spiral into what seemed to be an eternal sectional rift, with no chance of escaping.

Slavery vs Indentured Servitude

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Alisa Chen Hamza Noor Christina Xu Jenny Zhi 1st Hour Slavery and Indentured Servitude Essay Outline Thesis In colonial times, indentured servants and slaves had some similar lacks of rights, but slaves were far worse off; although both were given certain rights, indentured servants obtained more freedom after their terms ended, such as the right to land and supplies at the end of a work term; and though neither had a prominent voice in politics, the slaves? political rights were more limited, and they had heavier punishements for breaking laws; lastly, neither was paid and all the profit from their work went to the owner, but indentured servants? work led towards their eventual freedom, where they had limited economic help. Body Paragraph 1 (Social)

After the Fact Chapter 5: Jackson's Frontier and Turner's Thesis

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Jackson?s Frontier ? and Turner?s Thesis What is a small-scale theory? Small-scale theories are theories that are parts of a larger body of theory that explains specific puzzles. What is a grand scale theory? Grand theory is a wider scale of theory that encourages historians to figure out what part of history is interesting and important, and which part to study. Define the ?Frontier?. A frontier is a large area of unsettled land that creates a border. Why did Turner feel there was no longer a ?frontier? in 1890? Turner felt that the unsettled frontier had so many small, broken up settlements that it was no longer an unsettled frontier. According to Turner, American History up to 1893 had been to a large degree, the history of what? The history of the Great West.

Jacksonian Democracy

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JACKSONIAN DEMOCRACY Missouri Compromise 1820 Sectionalism reflected in the power in the national government 3 Sections/spokesperson Northeast- D. Webster - Mass. West - Henry Clay - Kentucky South - John C. Calhoun - South Carolina Sectionalism v Nationalism or States? Rights v National Government Election of 1824 ?Corrupt Bargain? Art of political campaigning Election of 1828 Only 2 candidates - New nominating conventions Creation of two Factions: Jackson-Calhoun Adams-Clays Nuclei for democrats Nuclei for whigs - Arose in opposition to Jackson Republicans during the ?era of good feelings? breaking up into conservatives and Democratic factions within each state Democratic faction wished to level down political inequalities - results:

ch21

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Chapter 6 Securing Independence, Defining Nationhood 1776-1788 Introduction 1.) What were the different conflicts contained within the American Revolution? 2.) How did the Revolution affect relationships among Americans of different classes, races, and genders? 3.) How did the state constitutions and Articles of Confederation reflect older political ideas? Introduction (cont.) 4.) How did the Constitution?s proponents address Americans? concerns about concentrated political power? The Prospects of War Introduction The Revolution was a war of the American people against the British and a civil war between American supporters of independence and Americans who were opposed to breaking with the mother country ?Loyalists and Other British Sympathizers

ch2

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Chapter 6: Securing Independence, Defining Nationhood, 1776-88 The Prospects of War The Revolution gave white northerners and southerners their first real chance to learn what they had in common, and they soon developed mutual admiration. In July 1776, the thirteen colonies had declared independence out of desperation and joined together in a loosely knit confederation of states. Only as a result of collective hardships experienced during eight years of terrible fighting did the inhabitants cease to see themselves only as military allies and begin to accept one another as fellow citizens. Americans remained divided over some basic political questions relating to the distribution of power and authority. Loyalists and Other British Sympathizers

ch3

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Chapter 5 Roads to Revolution, 1750-1776 Introduction 4 questions addressed in Ch. 5 How did Britain and its colonies view their joint victory over France in the Seven Years? War? How did colonial resistance to the Stamp Act differ from earlier opposition to British imperial measure? In what ways did colonists? views of parliamentary authority change after 1770? What led most colonists in 1776 to abandon their loyalty to Britain and choose national independence? Triumph and Tensions: The British Empire, 1750-1763 A Fragile Peace, 1750-1754 Since neither France or Britain gained dominance in North America, the skirmishing in the Ohio Valley continued 1753=French began building a series of forts between the Ohio River and LA Drive out colonial traders from the Valley

ch7

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What characterized the government in Pennsylvania under William Penn? ALL OF THESE Why was Roger Williams forced in exile by the Puritans? He believed in the complete separation of church and state Harvard College was founded to train ministers Who dissented from the Puritans and followed Roger Williams to Rhode Island? Anne Hutchinson Who were the proprietors? They were English elites who were responsible for settling, governing, and defending certain colonies Which of the following epitomized the democratic nature of New England government? The town meeting What characterized the first generation of New England land settlement? Households situated in the village, with farmland placed outside the village

chap 10

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Chapter 10 Democratic Politics, Religious Revival, and Reform 1824-1840 Introduction 1.) How was American politics democratized between 1800 and 1840? 2.) Why was Andrew Jackson so popular with voters? 3.) How and why did the Democratic and Whig parties emerge? 4.) What new assumptions about human nature did religious reform leaders of the 1830?s make? The Rise of Democratic Politics, 1824-1832 Introduction In 1824, only one political party existed Republican It was fragmenting Pressures produced by the industrialization of the Northeast The spread of cotton growing in the South Westward expansion 2 new political parties developed Democrats Whigs Introduction (cont.) Democrats Retained Jefferson?s distrust of strong federal government Preferred states? rights Whigs

Topic 1

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AP American Government Review Concentration 1 Constitutional Underpinnings of United States Government (5-15%) Considerations that influenced the formulation and adoption of the Constitution Separation of powers Federalism Theories of democratic government Key Terms Republic Pure/direct democracy Representative democracy Parliamentary democracy Presidential democracy Constitutional democracy Totalitarianism Conservatism Liberalism Absolutism Socialism Communism Dictatorship Oligarchy Theocracy Absolute monarchy Divine right Constitutional or limited democracy Natural law Common law Natural rights National sovereignty State sovereignty Confederation Division of power Interstate commerce Intrastate commerce Domestic tranquility General welfare

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