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Brainstem

Unit 3 AP Psychology

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PHRENOLOGY -Invented by Franz Gall in the early 1800?s -A theory that claimed that bumps on the skull could reveal our mental abilities and character traits The Nervous System It starts with an individual nerve cell called a NEURON Neuroanatomy Synapse Synapse How does a Neuron fire? Resting Potential: slightly negative charge Reach the threshold when enough neurotransmitters reach dendrites Go into Action Potential All-or-none response Transfer of ions across axon?s membrane causes electrical charge Neural Communication Types of Neurotransmitters Serotonin Involved in mood, sleep and wakefulness, eating, & aggressive behaviors Lack of serotonin has been linked to depression, anxiety, insomnia, OCD Norepinephrine

ap psychology

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Major Structures of the Brain Structure Description Major Functions Brainstem Stemlike portion of the brain, continuous with diencephalon above and spinal cord below. Composed of midbrain, pons, medulla oblangata. Relays messages between spinal cord and brain, from brainstem cranial nerves to cerebrum. Helps control heart rate, breathing rate, blood pressure. Involved with hearing, taste, other senses. Cerebellum Second largest part of the brain. Located behind pons, in posterior section of cranial cavity. Composed of cerebral cortex, two lateral lobes, central flocculonodular lobes, medial vermis, some deep nuclei. Process center involved with coordination of muscular movements, balance, precision, timing, body positions.
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