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Neurotransmitter

Unit 3 AP Psychology

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Neuroscience
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Nervous system
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PHRENOLOGY -Invented by Franz Gall in the early 1800?s -A theory that claimed that bumps on the skull could reveal our mental abilities and character traits The Nervous System It starts with an individual nerve cell called a NEURON Neuroanatomy Synapse Synapse How does a Neuron fire? Resting Potential: slightly negative charge Reach the threshold when enough neurotransmitters reach dendrites Go into Action Potential All-or-none response Transfer of ions across axon?s membrane causes electrical charge Neural Communication Types of Neurotransmitters Serotonin Involved in mood, sleep and wakefulness, eating, & aggressive behaviors Lack of serotonin has been linked to depression, anxiety, insomnia, OCD Norepinephrine

Ch 28 Biology

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Topic 6.5 The Nervous System 0 IB Objectives Neurons transmit electrical impulses. The myelination of nerve fibers allows for saltatory conduction. Neurons pump sodium and potassium ions across their membranes to generate a resting potential An action potential consists of depolarization and repolarization of the neuron. Nerve impulses are action potentials propagated along the axons of neurons. Propagation of nerve impulses is the result of local currents that cause each successive part of the axon to reach the threshold potential. Synapses are junctions between neurons and between neurons and receptor or effector cells. When presynaptic neurons are depolarized they release a neurotransmitter into the synapse.

Module 4 part 2

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Reuptake

Doreen Pang Mrs. Trainor AP Psychology 7 October 2016 Module 4-2: Neural Communication and Neurotransmitters How Neurons Communicate Neurons are interweaved very intricately hard to see where one ends and another begins Santiago Ram?n y Cajal Concluded that individual neurons functions as independent agents within the nervous system. Charles Sherrington noticed neural impulses were taking too long to travel a neural pathway must be brief interruption in the transition Synapse the junction of Sherrington aka synaptic gap cleft Neurotransmitters when action potential reached the terminals at axon?s end triggers release of chemical messengers How Neurotransmitters Influence Us Are certain nerotrans. found only in specific places?

Neurotransmitters and The Parts of a Neuron

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Important Neurotransmitters: 1. Acetylcholine 2. Dopamine 3. Serotonin 4. Endorphins Parts of a Neuron: 1. Dendrites 2. Soma (cell body) 3. Axon 4. Myelin Sheath 5. Axon terminals 6. Synapse

Brain Study Guide

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The Brain Depolarization: positive ions, more likely action potential Hyperpolarization.: negative ions, less likely (Types Of) Neurotransmitters ? Chemicals that bind to receptor sites ? Impact/influence receiving neuron ? Reabsorbed into sending neurons through process of reuptake ? Applies brake on neurotransmitter?s action ? Serotonin pathways - involved w mood regulation ? Dopamine pathways - involved w diseases such as schizophrenia & Parkinson?s ____________________________________________________________________________ Neurotransmitter Function Examples of Malfunctions _____________________________________________________________________________ Acetylcholine (ACh) Muscle action, Deterioration: Alzheimer?s learning & memory
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