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Economic theories

Economics Notes

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Crowding Out - is what happens when a mega sports event attracts fanatics but drive agnostics away Substitution - when consumers shift their spending, instead of increasing their overall consumption Leakage - the tendency for money to circulate out of rather than through a local economy Economics - Social science concerned with the efficient use of limited resources to achieve maximum satisfaction of economic wants (study of how individuals and societies deal with scarcity) What is economics? -science of scarcity (the condition in which our wants are greater than our limited resources) -since we are unable to have everything we desire, we must make choices on how we use our resources -in economics we will study the choices of individuals, firms and governments

AP Macroeconomics notes part 1

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AP Macroeconomics Study Guide ? Version 1.00 I. Basic Economic Concepts Economic Goals 1. Economic growth ? produce more and better goods and services 2. Full employment ? suitable jobs for all citizens who are willing and able to work 3. Economic efficiency ? achieve the maximum production using available resources 4. Price-level stability ? avoid large fluctuations in the price level (inflation + deflation) 5. Economic freedom ? businesses, workers, consumers have a high degree of freedom in economic activities 6. Equitable distribution of income ? try to minimize gap between rich and poor 7. Economic security ? provide for those who are not able to earn sufficient income 8. Balance of trade ? try to seek a trade balance with the rest of the world

A Brief History of Economics

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John Maynard Keynes was a British economist whose ideas have greatly shaped modern macroeconomics, and indeed is credited as the father of all modern macroeconomics. His ideas are the basis for the school of thought known as Keynesian economics. Keynesian Economics states that some microeconomic decisions may lead to macroeconomic inefficiencies. In other words, if a small economy such as Arizona’s real estate market slips, it could cause the large economy it is a part of, the economy of the United States, to wane. Several branches of Keynesian Economics are used today. Adam Smith’s economic theory basically states that as long as people act in their own self interest, the economy will remain stable to its highest efficiency.
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