Europe

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2nd millennium

Politics

Modern history of Germany

Knights of the Golden Fleece

Knights of the Garter

Revolutions of 1848 Pre-1848 Tensions: Long-Term Industrialization Zollverein Population doubled in the 18c Food supply problems Ideological Challenges Liberalism, nationalism, democracy, socialism. Romanticism Repressive Measures Carlsbad Decrees [Prus.] Secret police created in many European states Pre-1848 Tensions: Short-Term Agricultural Crises Poor cereal harvests Potato blight Ireland Financial Crises Investment bubbles burst railways, iron, coal. Unemployment increased rapidly [esp. among the artisan/middle class]. Working & middle classes are now joined in misery as are the urban and agricultural peasantry! France The February Revolution Working class & liberals unhappy with King Louis Philippe So? they protest and? Troops open fire on peaceful protestors.

Russian Expansion

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Crime

Ferdinand Walsin Esterhazy

Film

France

Dreyfus

French Third Republic

Russia Russian expansion Because it is so large pulled towards authoritative government Very diverse empire Hard to govern Always searching for a warm water port Nicholas 1 Became tsar after Decembrist revolt Brutally dealt with them so there wouldn?t be another revolt Alexander 2 Crimean war is lost under his reign Realized they were fighting against industrialized nation Realizes need to free serfs and industrialize Courts were reformed, equality of law was established, improvements in education, and censorship relaxed. Zemstvo- local city council Have a little representation Assassinated by people who want even more change Alexander III Reactionary. Go back to being strict Slavophile Loves Slavic people Problem because there are a lot more people than just the Slavs in Russia

Italian Unification

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Knights of the Golden Fleece

Modern history of Italy

2nd millennium

France–Italy relations

Italian unification

Knights of the Garter

Second Italian War of Independence

Kingdom of Sardinia

Italian nationalism

Cavour

Giuseppe Garibaldi

Second Half of the 19th Century Italian Unification Wanted to unify because: Difficult to defend each city state Isolated because it?s a peninsula and has mountains at the north Reminiscent of roman times when they were the greatest Italy before Unification Ruled by foreign nations Italian Nationalist Leaders Count Camilo Cavour Leader of piedmont Real politique Builds roads and canals Improves economy Italy is still lost in past so he is trying to bring it up to speed If infrastructure and economy looks food in piedmont, maybe other Italian states will want to update. Understands he must choose a king because the rest of Europe is conservative. King Victor Emanuel 2 Guiseppi Mazzini Has a newspaper that encourages a unified Italy Guiseppe Garibaldi

About the Holocaust: Timeline of Events

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The Holocaust

Racism

The Holocaust in Germany

Persecution of Jehovah's Witnesses

Holocaust historiography

Antisemitism in Europe

Persecution of Jews

Adolf Hitler

Responsibility for the Holocaust

Nazi Germany

Kristallnacht

Before 1933 WWI brought new countries and also devastation. Countries struggled to recover from the loss of casualties and destroyed land. At this time, more than nine million Jews lived Europe, German Jews being over 500,000. Hitler Campaign Speech Video In July 1932 the Nazi Party becomes the largest party represented. Hitler grew from being a little know extremist to a leading German election candidate using modern propaganda techniques. With newspapers, television, and speeches. This video shows a sneak peak of how far these propaganda messages went, with huge assemblies of crowd and Hitler promising to get back at those that hurt Germany and its fellow citizens. 1933-1938

ap euro

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Monarchy

Modern history

Political philosophy

Modern history of Hungary

Enlightened absolutism

Enlightenment philosophy

Hungary

I. The European States A. Enlightened Absolutism? B. The Atlantic Seaboard States 1. France: The Problems of the French Monarchs 2. Great Britain: King and Parliament 3. The Decline of the Dutch Republic C. Absolutism in Central and Eastern Europe 1. Prussia: The Army and the Bureaucracy 2. The Austrian Empire of the Habsburgs 3. Russia under Catherine the Great 4. The Destruction of Poland D. The Mediterranean World 1. Portugal 2. The Italian States E. The Scandinavian States F. Enlightened Absolutism Revisited II. Wars and Diplomacy A. The War of the Austrian Succession (1740-1748) B. The Seven Years? War (1756-1763) 1. Conflict in Europe 2. War in India 3. The French and Indian War C. European Armies and Warfare

History of Ireland

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Celts

Gaels

Ireland

Normans

HISTORY OF IRELAND In the northern Atlantic Ocean lies an island covered by low-lying mountains surrounding a central plain. Until the Middle Ages, thick woodlands were vast across this island. The history of this land is put together piece by piece to create the country ?Ireland?. It was occupied by settlers and conquerors from different lands. From 800 to 1300, it was controlled by two groups: the Vikings and then Cambro-Normans.

Ways of the World Outline Chapter 17

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Economy

Technological and industrial history of the United States

Anarchism in Russia

Communism in Russia

Russian Revolution

Economic history of France

Chinese industrialization

Chapter 17 Outline I. Opening Vignette A. Mahatma Gandhi criticized industrialization as economic exploitation. 1. few people have agreed with him 2. every kind of society has embraced at least the idea of industrialization since it started in Great Britain in the late eighteenth century B. The Industrial Revolution was one of the most significant elements of Europe?s modern transformation. 1. initial industrialization period was 1750?1900 2. drew on the Scientific Revolution 3. utterly transformed European society 4. pushed Europe into a position of global dominance 5. was more fundamental than any breakthrough since the Agricultural Revolution C. We don?t know where we are in the industrial era?at the beginning, in the middle, or at the end.

World History: Patterns of Interaction - European Middle Ages

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Investiture Controversy

Franks

Knight

European Middle Ages, 500-1200 Charlemagne unites the Germanic kingdoms, the feudal system emerges, and the Church strongly influences the lives of people in Europe. European Middle Ages, 500-1200 SECTION 1 Charlemagne Unites Germanic Kingdoms SECTION 4 The Power of the Church SECTION 3 The Age of Chivalry SECTION 2 Feudalism in Europe SECTION 1 SECTION 4 SECTION 3 Charlemagne Unites Germanic Kingdoms Section-1 Many Germanic kingdoms that succeeded the Roman Empire are reunited under Charlemagne?s empire. The Decline of Learning As cities are abandoned, level of learning declines Knowledge of Greek language and culture is almost completely lost Loss of a Common Language Introduction of German language changes Latin; dialects develop

Coming Out Azerbaijan

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Psychology

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Politics of Azerbaijan

Azerbaijan

Economy of Azerbaijan

Alliance Party for the Sake of Azerbaijan

Great Order Party

?lk olaraq bac?lar?ma dedim. ?S?nin h?yat?nd?r, nec? ya?ay?rsan, ya?a? dey? cavab verdil?r. Sonra is? sinifd?ki 6 illik dostuma etiraf etdim. O da ?Bunda q?rib? he? n? yoxdur, dostum olaraq qalacaqsan? cavab?n? verdi. Anama dan??anda bir az dayand?, sonra otaqdan ??xd?. Amma aram?z d?ym?di. Atam is? 1 h?ft? m?nl? dan??mam??d?, lakin sonra m?nasib?timiz d?z?lmi?di. ?n yax?n dostuma etiraf ed?nd? is? h?r ?ey ba?qa oldu. ?nc? he? n? dem?di, lakin sonra ?Bax, qaqa?, m?n art?q namaza ba?layacam, s?nl? dan??maq, dost olmaq dinimiz? uy?un deyil? demi?di. ?ok ke?irtdim. H?r g?n q?zlar?n arxas?nca min d?f? baxan insan?n bunu dem?si nec? d? q?rib? idi.

Night Essay

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English

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Responsibility for the Holocaust

Racism in Europe